| 杨光,唐翔宇,关卓,崔俊芳,程建华.磷化工区农田土壤重金属的空间变化与源解析[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(10):2220-2230. |
| 磷化工区农田土壤重金属的空间变化与源解析 |
| Spatial distribution pattern and sources of metal pollutants in farmland soils near a phosphorus chemical industrial zone |
| 投稿时间：2022-12-05 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-1246 |
| 中文关键词: 土壤 重金属 形态 PMF模型 源解析 空间变化 |
| 英文关键词: soil heavy metal form PMF model source apportionment spatial variation |
| 基金项目:四川省科技计划项目（2018SZDZX0029，2022YFS0500）；国家自然科学基金项目（42177379，42007361） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为查明磷化工区周边农田土壤污染物的空间分布特征、生态风险及来源构成，以磷化工区下风向农田区为对象，采样测定土壤的重金属污染物（V、Zn、Cr、Ni、Cu、Mo、Cd、Pb、Mn）含量，分析主要污染物的赋存形态，采用污染指数和潜在生态风险指数评价污染级别，运用正定矩阵因子分解法（PMF）解析污染物来源。结果表明：农田土壤中的主要重金属污染物为Cd和Zn，部分地区土壤Zn超标，该农田土壤属于轻度污染。Cd的超标最为严重，且距离磷化工区越近，超标倍数越高；随距离增大，交换态Cd含量急剧下降，而残渣态Cd含量总体上升；与磷化工区距离≤500 m范围内采样点土壤的Cd污染级别及生态风险相对较高；对于污染程度最高的Cd，工业污染源的外源转入贡献率为56.2%，大气沉降和尾气排放源的外源转入贡献率为43.8%。研究区土壤Cd污染与磷化工区密切相关，因此需加强工业污染源治理和环境综合整治，以确保农业生产安全。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Identifying spatial distribution characteristics, ecological risks, and pollutant sources in farmland soils near a phosphorus chemical industrial zone is critical to pollution control and the safe utilization of contaminated farmland. Soil samples were obtained from the downwind farmland of the phosphorus chemical industrial zone and evaluated for metal pollutant concentration and major pollutant speciation. The degree of pollution in soil samples was evaluated using a pollution index and a potential ecological risk index. Source apportionment of pollutants in soil samples was performed by positive matrix factorization(PMF). The results revealed that the primary heavy metal pollutants in farmland soils were Cd and Zn, where Cd was the pollutant that seriously exceeded the standard. The closer the soil sampling site was to the phosphorus chemical industrial zone, the greater the soil Cd contamination. The content of exchangeable Cd declined rapidly as one moved away from the phosphorus chemical industrial zone, but residual Cd rose generally. The amounts of soil Cd contamination and ecological risk at sampling points within 500 m of the phosphorus chemical industrial zone were relatively high. Industrial pollution sources contributed 56.2% of Cd, with the highest soil contamination level, whereas atmospheric deposition and exhaust emission sources contributed 43.8%. Soil pollution in this study area was closely related to the phosphorus chemical industry. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen industrial pollution source control and comprehensive environmental management to ensure the safety of agricultural production. |
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