| 杨静,郭文圻,杨文浩,周碧青,邢世和.配施紫云英对不同类型水稻土溶解性有机碳氮淋溶及损失的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2024,43(2):351-359. |
| 配施紫云英对不同类型水稻土溶解性有机碳氮淋溶及损失的影响 |
| Effects of the co-application of Chinese milk vetch and chemical fertilizer on the leaching and loss of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen in different paddy soils |
| 投稿时间：2023-07-20 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2023-0583 |
| 中文关键词: 紫云英 水稻土 溶解性有机碳 溶解性有机氮 淋溶特性 |
| 英文关键词: Chinese milk vetch paddy soil dissolved organic carbon dissolved organic nitrogen leaching characteristic |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41671490）;福建农林大学科技创新项目（KFb22073XA，KFb22121XA） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨配施紫云英对不同类型稻田土壤溶解性有机碳（Dissolved organic carbon，DOC）和溶解性有机氮（Dissolved organicnitrogen，DON）含量的影响程度，阐明稻田土壤DOC和DON的淋溶特性，本研究以亚热带3种典型水稻土（黄泥田、灰黄泥田和灰泥田）为研究对象，通过田间试验，探讨等氮磷钾条件下单施化肥（CK）和紫云英配施化肥（cmv）处理对不同水稻土DOC和DON的动态变化、淋溶特性及损失的影响。结果表明，不同土壤类型水稻土DOC和DON的淋溶特性有所不同。3种供试水稻土中，灰泥田水稻土DOC淋溶损失量最大，其CK处理DOC淋溶损失量较灰黄泥田和黄泥田分别显著提高24.09%和72.15%，cmv处理淋溶损失量较灰黄泥田和黄泥田分别显著提高16.53%和40.55%；而黄泥田水稻土DON淋溶损失量最大，其CK处理淋溶损失量较灰黄泥田和灰泥田分别显著提高18.93%和37.01%，cmv处理3种不同类型水稻土DON淋溶损失量无显著差异。配施紫云英可显著降低水稻土DON的淋溶损失量，每季水稻中cmv处理黄泥田、灰黄泥田和灰泥田DON淋溶损失量较CK处理分别降低了24.67%、14.88%和13.54%；黄泥田cmv处理DOC较CK处理提高了19.19%，而灰黄泥田和灰泥田2种施肥处理无显著差异。供试稻田中DOC和DON在土层间的淋溶具有一定的延迟性，且DOC的延迟时间大于DON。灰色关联分析表明，在土壤性质中有机质是影响水稻土DOC淋溶损失的重要因素，孔隙度是DON淋溶损失的重要影响因素。不同类型水稻土DON的淋失早于DOC，且DON在黄泥田中淋溶损失较高，而DOC在灰泥田中淋溶损失较高；在等氮磷钾的条件下，配施紫云英可减少水稻土DON的淋溶损失，而低肥力水稻土DOC的淋溶损失量有所增加。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, we sought to investigate the effects of the application of Chinese milk vetch on the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon（DOC）and dissolved organic nitrogen（DON）in paddy soil, and to elucidate the leaching characteristics of DOC and DON. We used three typical soils（yellow, yellow podzolic, and gray paddy soils）used to cultivate rice in a subtropical region to investigate the effects of single chemical fertilizer application（CK）and combined Chinese milk vetch and chemical fertilizer（cmv）treatment on the migration characteristics and leaching of DOC and DON in different paddy soils through field experiments. The results revealed differences among the three assessed paddy soil types with respect to the leaching characteristics of DOC and DON. The loss of DOC through leaching was found to be highest in gray paddy soil, with leaching loss under the CK treatment being 24.09% and 72.15% higher than that from the yellow podzolic and yellow paddy soils, respectively, whereas cmv treatment significantly increased by 16.53% and 40.55%, respectively. The largest loss of DON via leaching was detected in the yellow paddy soil, in which loss under the CK treatment was 18.93% and 37.01% higher than that from yellow podzolic and gray paddy soils, respectively. However, we detected no significant differences in the leaching loss of DON among the three different paddy soil types treated with cmv. Compared with the CK treatment, we detected reductions of 24.67%, 14.88%, and 13.54% in the leaching loss of DON in the cmv-treated yellow, yellow podzolic, and gray paddy soils, respectively, and we found no significant differences between the two fertilization treatments in the plaster field. We also established that the leaching of DOC and DON through the soil layers of the assessed paddy fields was characterized by a delayed progression, and that the rate of DON leaching was greater than that of DOC. Grey correlation analysis revealed that organic matter was the most important factor associated with DOC leaching loss in paddy soils, whereas soil porosity was the most important factor determining the loss of DON through leaching. On the basis of our findings in this study, we established that the leaching of DON from different types of paddy soil occurs earlier than that of DOC, and that the leaching loss of DON was higher in yellow paddy soil fields, whereas the loss of DOC was higher in gray paddy soil fields. Co-application of Chinese milk vetch was found to reduce the leaching loss of DON in paddy fields, whereas the loss of DOC through leaching in low-fertility paddy soil increases under conditions of equivalent amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. |
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