| 李千雪,李春越,张文婷,窦祥祥,薛英龙,寇钊阳,王益,党廷辉.秸秆覆盖还田保护性耕作对黄土旱塬土壤磷素组分的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2024,43(2):368-377. |
| 秸秆覆盖还田保护性耕作对黄土旱塬土壤磷素组分的影响 |
| Effects of conservation tillage with straw mulching on soil phosphorus components in the Loess Plateau |
| 投稿时间：2023-03-21 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2023-0210 |
| 中文关键词: 黄土旱塬 农田生态系统 秸秆覆盖 磷素组分 磷酸酶基因 |
| 英文关键词: Loess Plateau farmland ecosystem straw mulching phosphorus fraction phosphatase gene |
| 基金项目:陕西省科技重点项目（2022NY-074）；国家自然科学基金项目（41501255）；西安市科技农业攻关项目（21NYYF0033）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目（SYJS202224） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 305 |
| 全文下载次数: 288 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究秸秆覆盖保护性耕作对黄土旱塬土壤磷素组分及碱性磷酸酶phoD基因的影响，本研究以陕西省咸阳市长武县境内的中国科学院长武黄土高原农业生态试验站为研究平台，设置无秸秆覆盖（CK）、每年7、8、9月高量秸秆覆盖（St90）、全生育期低量秸秆覆盖（S45）、全生育期高量秸秆覆盖（S90） 4个处理，探讨不同秸秆覆盖模式下0~20 cm表层土壤基本理化性质、土壤磷素、有机磷组分、无机磷组分、碱性磷酸酶phoD基因拷贝数量特征及其影响机理。结果表明：相同覆盖时间下，全磷（TP）、速效磷（AP）、无机磷、Ca2-P、中等活性有机磷（MLOP）含量均随着秸秆覆盖量的增加而显著增加； Ca10-P是主要的无机磷组分，占比66.03%~72.34%，MLOP是主要的有机磷组分，占比70.70%~78.23%；秸秆覆盖使无机磷中的有效磷源Ca2-P在无机磷中所占的比例显著增加，其他组分占比以及有机磷各组分占比并无显著变化。播种前后的短期覆盖相比于全年长期覆盖更有利于微生物的代谢，从而加快土壤有机磷的合成。不同秸秆覆盖处理土壤无机磷含量为985.33~1 043.33 mg·kg-1，显著大于有机磷。冗余分析表明，土壤pH、全碳（TC）、有机碳（SOC）、含水率（SWC）与MLOP含量呈负相关关系，与高稳性有机磷（HSOP）呈正相关关系，Ca2-P与SWC、SOC、pH、TP呈正相关关系，Ca10-P与pH、NH4+-N呈正相关关系。秸秆覆盖可以提高碱性磷酸酶phoD基因拷贝数，但全生育期覆盖与高量秸秆覆盖的叠加作用，对碱性磷酸酶phoD基因有抑制作用。研究表明，秸秆覆盖可显著改变有机磷各组分含量，全生育期高量秸秆覆盖显著增加无机磷有效组分Ca2-P含量，土壤有机磷与无机磷组分含量变化受土壤TC和pH的影响最大。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the impact of straw mulching conservation tillage on the soil phosphorus composition and alkaline phosphatase phoD gene in the Loess Plateau, this study used the research platform of the Changwu Loess Plateau Agricultural Ecological Experiment Station, President of Chinese Sciences in Changwu County, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province. Four treatments were set up： uncovered（CK）, high straw coverage（St90）every July, August, and September, low straw coverage（S45）throughout the growth period, and high straw coverage （S90）throughout the growth period. The basic physical and chemical properties, the soil phosphorus, total organic phosphorus components, total inorganic phosphorus components, and number of copies of alkaline phosphatase phoD genes, and their impact mechanisms in the 0– 20 cm topsoil layer under different straw mulching modes were studied. The results showed that, with the same coverage time, the contents of total phosphorus（TP）, available phosphorus（AP）, inorganic phosphorus, Ca2-P, and moderately labile organic phosphorus（MLOP） increased significantly with the increase in the coverage amount; Ca10-P was the main inorganic phosphorus component, accounting for 66.03%-72.34%, while MLOP was the main organic phosphorus component, accounting for 70.70%–78.23%. Straw mulching significantly increased the proportion of effective phosphorus source Ca2-P in inorganic phosphorus, while there was no significant change in the proportion of the other components in inorganic phosphorus and the proportion of organic phosphorus components. Short-term mulching before and after sowing was more beneficial to microbial metabolism than long-term mulching throughout the year, thereby accelerating the synthesis of soil organic phosphorus. The inorganic phosphorus content of soil under different straw mulching treatments ranged from 985.33 mg·kg-1 to 1 043.33 mg·kg-1, which was significantly higher than that of organic phosphorus. Redundancy analysis showed that the soil pH, total carbon（TC）, soil organic carbon（SOC）, and soil water content（SWC）were negatively correlated with the MLOP content, while they were positively correlated with highly stable organic phosphorus（HSOP）. Ca2-P was positively correlated with SWC, SOC, pH, and TP. Ca10-P was positively correlated with pH and NH4+-N. Straw mulching could increase the copy number of the alkaline phosphatase phoD gene, but the superposition of the full growth period mulching and high amount of straw mulching could inhibit the production of the alkaline phosphatase phoD gene. Straw mulching could significantly change the contents of organic phosphorus components, and high straw mulching significantly increased the content of inorganic phosphorus components, such as Ca2-P, throughout the growth period. The changes in the contents of soil organic and inorganic phosphorus components were most affected by soil TC and pH. |
| HTML
查看全文
查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
|
|
|
