| 那立苹,刘亚林,熊兴军,朱超亚,王薇,明润廷,伍玉鹏.氮肥施用下蚯蚓活动对农田氮转化影响的Meta分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2024,43(3):597-608. |
| 氮肥施用下蚯蚓活动对农田氮转化影响的Meta分析 |
| Effects of earthworm activity on farmland nitrogen transformation under nitrogen fertilizer application: a Meta-analysis |
| 投稿时间：2023-08-31 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2023-0709 |
| 中文关键词: 蚯蚓 氮肥 农田土壤氮转化 生态系统多功能性 Meta分析 |
| 英文关键词: earthworm nitrogen fertilizer farmland soil nitrogen transformation ecosystem multifunctionality Meta-analysis |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（32171638）；云南省科技人才和平台计划项目（202205AF150004） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 蚯蚓在自然土壤中既能促进植物氮（N）素利用、增加土壤N固持，也会导致土壤N素气逸和淋溶损失，但农田土壤中持续的N肥施用如何影响蚯蚓的这些作用却并不清楚。因此，本研究提取了52篇文献中的202对数据，利用Meta分析从N肥类型、施肥量和施肥方式3个方面进行研究，评估N肥施用下蚯蚓活动对农田N转化的影响。总体结果表明，N肥施用下蚯蚓活动显著增加了作物生物量（地上部、地下部分别增加了12.00%、19.30%）及作物总氮（TN）含量（地上部、地下部分别增加了20.35%、21.06%），显著增加了土壤可利用N（9.16%）、微生物生物量氮（MBN，23.19%）及脲酶活性（23.73%），但与此同时也导致土壤氧化亚氮（N2O）排放和N淋溶增加了16.41%和16.15%。蚯蚓活动对不同肥料类型、施肥量及施肥方式下土壤N转化过程的影响不同。有机-无机N肥配施时，蚯蚓活动对作物生物量和TN含量均有显著的促进作用（地上部、地下部生物量分别增加了17.90%、18.03%；地上部、地下部TN含量分别增加了37.62%、25.76%）；无论N肥施用量为多少，蚯蚓活动均显著增加了作物地上部生物量和地上部TN含量，但对其他指标无显著影响；N肥深施时，蚯蚓活动显著增加了作物生物量（地上部、地下部生物量分别增加了16.75%、22.75%）、TN含量（地上部、地下部TN含量分别增加了33.24%、27.62%）和微生物活性（MBN、脲酶分别增加了27.87%、28.21%），而N肥表施时，蚯蚓活动仅显著增加了土壤可利用N含量（17.56%）和脲酶活性（9.03%）。蚯蚓活动显著增加生态系统多功能性（5.93%）。N肥深施相比N肥表施更有助于充分发挥蚯蚓在农田土壤N转化过程中的积极作用，而N肥类型和施用量对蚯蚓诱导的N转化过程的综合作用并无显著影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Earthworms can promote plant N utilization, increase soil N retention, and cause soil N loss through gas escape and leaching in natural soil. However, it is unclear how continuous N fertilizer application affects earthworms on farmland soil. Therefore, 202 data records from 52 pieces of literature were collected and analyzed using a Meta-analysis of N fertilizer type, fertilizer rate, and fertilization method, and the effects of earthworm activity on farmland soil N transformation under N fertilizer application were comprehensively evaluated. The overall results showed that earthworm activity significantly increased crop biomass(aboveground and belowground by 12.00% and 19.30%, respectively), crop total nitrogen(TN) content(aboveground and belowground by 20.35% and 21.06%, respectively), soil available N content(9.16%), microbial biomass N(MBN) content(23.19%), urease activity(23.73%), N2O emission(16.41%), and N leaching(16.15%). The effects of earthworm activity on soil N transformation differed under different fertilizer types, rates, and methods. Earthworm activity had a significant positive effect on crop biomass(aboveground and belowground biomass increased by 17.90% and 18.03%, respectively) and TN content(aboveground and belowground increased by 37.62% and 25.76%, respectively) when organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer was applied. Earthworm activity significantly increased crop aboveground biomass and aboveground TN content regardless of N fertilizer application rate; however, no such results were found for other parameters. When N fertilizer was applied deeply, earthworm activity significantly increased crop biomass(aboveground and belowground biomass by 16.75% and 22.75%, respectively), TN content(aboveground and belowground by 33.24% and 27.62%, respectively), and microbial activity(MBN and urease by 27.87% and 28.21%, respectively). However, when N fertilizer was applied on the soil surface, earthworm activity only significantly increased available N content(17.56%) and urease activity(9.03%). Furthermore, earthworm activity significantly increased the ecosystem multifunctionality index by 5.93%. Compared with N fertilizer applied on the soil surface, deep application of N fertilizer was more conducive to promoting the positive role of earthworms in farmland soil N transformation. There was no significant difference in the comprehensive effects of N fertilizer types and application rates on the earthworm-induced N transformation. |
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