| 何富豪,田超,户少武,罗景升,李通,王云霞,景立权,黄建晔,杨连新.土壤镉污染和叶面施锌对小麦不同部位镉锌含量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2024,43(4):741-751. |
| 土壤镉污染和叶面施锌对小麦不同部位镉锌含量的影响 |
| Effects of soil cadmium pollution and foliar zinc application on cadmium and zinc concentration in different organs of wheat |
| 投稿时间：2023-12-21 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2023-1093 |
| 中文关键词: 镉污染 叶面施锌 小麦 品种 部位 |
| 英文关键词: cadmium pollution foliar zinc application wheat cultivar organ |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31671618，31101101）；江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 何富豪 | 江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 扬州大学农学院, 江苏 扬州 225009 | | | 田超 | 江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 扬州大学农学院, 江苏 扬州 225009 | | | 户少武 | 江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 扬州大学农学院, 江苏 扬州 225009 | | | 罗景升 | 农业农村部耕地质量监测与评价重点实验室, 扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏 扬州 225127 | | | 李通 | 农业农村部耕地质量监测与评价重点实验室, 扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏 扬州 225127 | | | 王云霞 | 农业农村部耕地质量监测与评价重点实验室, 扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏 扬州 225127 | yxwang@yzu.edu.cn | | 景立权 | 江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 扬州大学农学院, 江苏 扬州 225009 | | | 黄建晔 | 江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 扬州大学农学院, 江苏 扬州 225009 | | | 杨连新 | 江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 扬州大学农学院, 江苏 扬州 225009 | lxyang@yzu.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了探究土壤镉污染和叶面施锌对小麦地上部各器官镉锌含量的影响，以宁麦21、扬辐麦4号和镇麦12号为试材，设置对照、土壤镉处理（5 mg·kg-1）、叶面施锌（0.2% ZnSO4）和土壤镉处理+叶面施锌4个处理，研究镉锌互作对小麦生长和产量及植株各器官镉锌含量、积累与转运的影响。结果表明：土壤镉污染、抽穗始期两次叶面施锌对不同品种小麦生长和产量性状（SPAD值除外）均无显著影响。镉污染使供试小麦籽粒、茎秆、叶片、穗轴和颖壳的镉含量（17~65倍）和累积量（17~64倍）均大幅增加。叶面施锌显著增加了不同品种小麦各器官锌含量（>61%）和累积量（>58%）。叶面施锌对小麦地上部总镉累积量无影响，但改变了镉在不同器官间的分布情况，喷锌使镉污染小麦籽粒镉含量显著降低10%，但使茎秆、叶片和穗轴镉含量显著增加12%~55%。喷锌处理使镉污染植株麦草向籽粒镉转运系数显著下降（15%~31%），但镉污染对锌的转运系数无明显影响。统计分析表明，镉处理、锌处理及其互作对小麦镉、锌含量的影响多存在不同程度的品种和部位依赖。综上所述表明，5 mg·kg-1镉污染对各供试品种小麦产量均无明显影响，但籽粒及麦草镉含量均大幅增加，叶面施锌在显著降低可食用部位镉含量的同时亦增加了饲用部位镉含量，变幅多因品种而异。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the effects of soil Cd pollution and foliar Zn application on Cd and Zn concentrations in aboveground organs, a pot experiment using three wheat cultivars Ningmai 21, Yangfumai 4, and Zhenmai 12 were conducted. Four treatments with different Cd and Zn combination were prepared：control, soil-applied Cd（5 mg·kg-1）, foliar-applied Zn（0.2% ZnSO4）, and soil-applied Cd（5 mg·kg-1）+ foliar-applied Zn（0.2% ZnSO4）. The objective was to study the interactive effects of Cd and Zn application on the growth, yield, Cd and Zn concentration, accumulation and translocation in different organs of wheat. The results showed that the growth（except SPAD value）and yield traits of different wheat cultivars were not significantly impacted by soil Cd pollution and foliar Zn applications. Averaged across three wheat cultivars, soil Cd pollution significantly increased Cd concentration（17-65 fold）and accumulation（17-64 fold）in the grain, stem, leaf, rachis, and glumes. Foliar Zn application dramatically elevated Zn concentration（>61%）and accumulation（>58%）in all organs of all wheat cultivars. Foliar Zn application did not affect the total aboveground Cd accumulation, but it changed the Cd distribution among different organs of wheat. In Cd-polluted wheat, foliar Zn application significantly reduced Cd concentration in grains by 10%, but significantly increased that in stems, leaves and rachis by 12%-55%. Cd transport coefficients from wheat straw to grains in Cd-polluted plants were significantly reduced（15%-31%）by foliar Zn application, whereas Zn transport coefficients were not significantly affected by Cd treatments. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the effects of Zn and Cd treatments, as well as their interactions on Zn and Cd concentrations, in wheat varied with different wheat cultivars and organs with different degrees in most cases. The results suggested that although 5 mg·kg-1 Cd pollution had no clear impact on wheat yield, the Cd concentration in grains and straws were substantially elevated. Foliar Zn application significantly reduced the Cd concentration in edible organs while increasing it in forage organs for livestocks, with the magnitude of change varying within cultivars. |
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