| 宋琳,刘梦宇,周航,曾鹏,廖柏寒,辜娇峰.镉砷胁迫下玉米幼苗的生理响应和抗氧化系统特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2024,43(4):752-762. |
| 镉砷胁迫下玉米幼苗的生理响应和抗氧化系统特征 |
| Physiological response and antioxidant system characteristics of maize（Zea mays L.） seedlings under cadmium and arsenic stress |
| 投稿时间：2023-07-03 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2023-0526 |
| 中文关键词: 玉米 镉 砷 胁迫 生理性状 抗氧化系统 |
| 英文关键词: maize cadmium arsenic stress physiological characteristics antioxidant system |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFD1700104） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 197 |
| 全文下载次数: 139 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究玉米幼苗在镉（Cd）和砷（As）胁迫下的生理性状、重金属累积和抗氧化系统特征，以具有Cd低累积特性的玉米DJ26为应试品种，开展水培试验。结果表明：在单一As胁迫下，玉米植株鲜质量和叶片总叶绿素含量分别显著下降76.0%和52.8%，而在单一Cd及低浓度Cd和As复合胁迫下，玉米的生长性状差异小，表现出一定耐受性。随培养液Cd浓度的增大，玉米各部位Cd含量增大，As的加入进一步使根系Cd含量增大14.1%~103.5%，但使茎叶Cd含量降低28.9%~72.6%；相比单一As胁迫，Cd的加入对茎叶As含量有增大效应，增大170.1%~198.8%，表明复合胁迫下As促进了Cd在根系中的累积并降低了Cd向地上部转运，Cd则促进了As向地上部的转运。复合胁迫下玉米具有较强的抗氧化调节能力，玉米根系超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）活性随培养液中Cd浓度的增加呈现先增大后降低的趋势，而过氧化氢酶（CAT）和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）活性均显著高于单一Cd胁迫，在叶片中分别增大了366.0%~1 409.8%和1 372.7%~4 366.7%，根系中分别增大了27.4%~702.2%和230.0%~1 004.0%。复合胁迫下丙二醛（MDA）含量玉米叶片中增大而根系中降低，叶片受到Cd和As的显著毒害。研究表明，玉米幼苗对单一Cd及低浓度Cd和As复合胁迫具有耐受性，其根系对Cd和As具有较强富集能力和有限转运能力，具备在单一Cd或Cd和As复合污染严格管控区安全生产的潜力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the physiological traits, heavy metal accumulation, and antioxidant system characteristics of maize seedlings under cadmium（Cd）and arsenic（As）stress, hydroponic experiments were conducted, and cultivar DJ26 with low Cd accumulation characteristics was used. The results showed that under single As stress, plant fresh weight and leaf total chlorophyll concentration of maize decreased by 76.0% and 52.8%, respectively. The growth traits of maize under single Cd and combined stress with low concentrations of Cd and As showed small differences and certain tolerance. Cd content in all parts of maize increased as Cd concentration increased in the solution; furthermore, root Cd content increased by 14.1% - 103.5% after adding As to the solution, with stem and leaf Cd content decreasing by 28.9%-72.6%. Compared with single As stress, adding Cd to the solution increased stem and leaf As content by 170.1%- 198.8%. Therefore, As promoted Cd accumulation in the root and reduced Cd transport to the aboveground part under combined stress, whereas Cd promoted As transport to the aboveground part. Maize has strong antioxidant regulation ability under combined stress. The activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）and peroxidase（POD）in maize root under compound stress showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase in Cd concentration in the solution. In contrast, catalase（CAT）and ascorbate peroxidase（APX） activities were significantly higher than those under single Cd stress. CAT and APX activities increased by 366.0% - 1 409.8% and 1 372.7%-4 366.7%, respectively, in the leaf and 27.4%-702.2% and 230.0%-1 004.0%, respectively, in the root. Malondialdehyde（MDA） content increased in the maize leaves and decreased in the roots under combined stress. The leaves were significantly affected by Cd and As. This study demonstrated that DJ26 seedlings have a certain tolerance to single Cd or combined stress at low concentrations of Cd and As; the roots showed strong accumulation capacity and limited translocation capacity for Cd and As, expressing the potential for safe production in farmlands under strict control for single Cd pollution or combined Cd and As pollution. |
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