| 赵峥,朱元宏,周德平,褚长彬,王庆峰,吴淑杭.不同轮作模式对稻田土壤肥力和微生物群落结构的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2024,43(4):874-885. |
| 不同轮作模式对稻田土壤肥力和微生物群落结构的影响 |
| Effects of different rotation patterns on soil fertility and microbial community composition in a paddy field system |
| 投稿时间：2023-07-05 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2023-0535 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻轮作 紫云英 土壤微生物 群落结构 土壤养分 |
| 英文关键词: rice rotation Chinese milk vetch soil microbial composition community structure soil nutrients |
| 基金项目:上海市科技人才计划项目（19YF1442900）；长三角数字干线青浦区科技发展基金项目（青科发2022-24）；上海市科技兴农项目（沪农科推字〔2021〕第1-4号） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了探索不同水稻轮作模式对稻田土壤微生物群落结构的影响，以及与土壤养分供给的关系，本研究采用高通量测序技术对3种不同轮作模式下（水稻-小麦轮作、水稻-紫云英轮作、水稻-休耕）土壤细菌和真菌的群落结构变化进行分析，并进一步探讨了微生物群落结构与土壤养分含量之间的相互关系。结果表明：水稻-紫云英轮作模式能够明显改善稻田土壤的综合肥力，紫云英连续翻压还田后显著提高了土壤中总氮（TN）和有效氮（AN）的含量。土壤微生物群落结构方面，不同种植模式对细菌群落结构的影响大于真菌。水稻-紫云英轮作模式中优势菌群如酸杆菌门（Acidobacteriota）和子囊菌门（Ascomycota）等的富集有助于促进土壤生态系统的养分循环与生态健康。不同种植模式条件下土壤养分的变化如TN、AN、总钾（TK）及速效钾（AK）等可能是导致土壤细菌和真菌群落结构发生变化的主要驱动因素。稻田土壤中细菌群落结构对于土壤养分变化的敏感性要高于真菌。综合来看，水稻-紫云英轮作模式是更加适合水稻生态可持续栽培的种植模式，能够明显改善稻田土壤的综合肥力和土壤微生态环境。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Rotation patterns play a significant role in the ecologically sustainable development of rice cultivation. To evaluate the effects of different rice rotation patterns on soil microbial community structure and its relationship with soil nutrient supply, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze variations in soil bacterial and fungal community compositions under three different rice rotation patterns[rice-wheat rotation, rice-Chinese milk vetch（CMV）rotation, and rice-fallow rotation]. Then, the relationship of soil microbial variations with soil environmental factors was discussed. The results showed that the rice-CMV rotation system significantly improved the comprehensive fertility of paddy soil, and the contents of total nitrogen（TN）and available nitrogen（AN）in the soil were significantly increased after CMV was continuously rolled back into the field. Furthermore, the impacts of different rice rotation patterns on soil microbial community composition were greater for soil bacteria than soil fungi. In the rice-CMV rotation pattern, the enrichment of dominant bacteria such as Acidobacteriota and Ascomycota contributed to soil nutrient cycling and ecological health. Changes in soil nutrients such as TN, AN, total potassium（TK）, and available potassium（AK）under different rotation patterns are supposed to be the main driving factors for the changes in soil bacterial and fungal community structures. In addition, the results indicated that the bacterial community structure in paddy soil was more sensitive to variations in environmental factors than the fungal community structure. In summary, our results showed that the rice-CMV rotation pattern was better than rice-wheat and rice-fallow rotation patterns for sustainable ecological rice cultivation and can significantly improve soil comprehensive fertility, thus enhancing the health of soil microecology. |
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