| 刘尚斌,郑祥洲,王煌平,吴一群,吕健,张玉树.蝇蛆预处理及辅料添加对鸡粪堆肥氨挥发和温室气体排放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2024,43(5):1151-1162. |
| 蝇蛆预处理及辅料添加对鸡粪堆肥氨挥发和温室气体排放的影响 |
| Effects of excipient incorporation and fly maggot pretreatment on ammonia emissions and greenhouse gases emissions during chicken manure composting |
| 投稿时间：2023-07-10 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2023-0547 |
| 中文关键词: 蝇蛆预处理 好氧堆肥 厨余垃圾 温室气体减排 氨挥发 |
| 英文关键词: fly maggot pretreatment aerobic composting kitchen waste greenhouse gases mitigation ammonia volatilization |
| 基金项目:福建省农业科学院科技创新团队项目（CXTD202102-2）；福建省农业科学院农业高质量发展超越协同创新工程项目（XTCXGC2021009）；福建省公益项目（2023R11030086，2023R1023001）；福建省农业科学院英才项目（YC2021010） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确蝇蛆预处理及辅料添加对鸡粪堆肥过程中NH3挥发及温室气体排放的影响，本研究分别将风化褐煤、厨余垃圾、蘑菇渣与鸡粪混合，在进行蝇蛆预处理后堆肥，研究试验过程中NH3挥发和温室气体的排放规律。试验设置8个处理，分别为对照组（无蝇蛆预处理）：纯鸡粪（CK1）、30%风化褐煤+70%鸡粪（CK2）、30%厨余垃圾+70%鸡粪（CK3）、30%蘑菇渣+70%鸡粪（CK4）；试验组（蝇蛆预处理）：纯鸡粪（T1）、30%风化褐煤+70%鸡粪（T2）、30%厨余垃圾+70%鸡粪（T3）、30%蘑菇渣+70%鸡粪（T4）。结果表明：蝇蛆预处理能够延长堆肥高温期，≥50 ℃天数均达到10 d以上，相比CK1增加5~9 d；在整个试验期间试验组NH3挥发集中在堆肥第2天，试验组NH3累积排放量显著低于对照组，降幅达到42.7%~61.1%，菇渣添加处理的NH3累积排放量在对照组中最低；风化褐煤的添加能够显著降低N2O排放，T2相比于T1降低84.2%，CK2相比于CK1降低51.7%。蝇蛆预处理能够显著降低CO2排放当量，相比CK1降低32.1%~73.2%，其中，T4的CO2排放当量最低。研究表明，蝇蛆预处理能够提高堆肥温度、延长堆肥高温期、显著降低NH3排放和CO2排放当量，若从堆肥温度及CO2排放当量方面考虑蝇蛆预处理和菇渣组合为最优处理。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the effects of fly maggot pretreatment and excipient incorporation on greenhouse gas emissions and NH3 volatilization during chicken manure composting, a mixture of weathered lignite, kitchen waste, mushroom residue, and chicken manure was chosen for evaluation. Specifically, NH3 volatilization and greenhouse gas emissions during composting were studied. The study included four control groups（no fly maggot pretreatment）, which were composed of pure chicken manure（CK1）, a blend of 30% weathered lignite and 70% chicken manure（CK2）, 30% kitchen waste and 70% chicken manure（CK3）, and 30% mushroom residue and 70% chicken manure（CK4）. Additionally, there were four test groups with fly maggot pretreatment, including pure chicken manure（T1）, a blend of 30% weathered lignite and 70% chicken manure（T2）, 30% kitchen waste and 70% chicken manure（T3）, and 30% mushroom residue and 70% chicken manure（T4）. The results indicated that maggot pretreatment prolonged the period with temperatures ≥50 ℃ by 5–9 days compared to CK1. During the whole test period, the NH3emissions of the test group were concentrated in the 2nd day of composting, and the NH3 cumulative emission of pretreatment of fly maggots was significantly lower than that of the control group, with a decrease of 42.7%-61.1%. The NH3 cumulative emission from mushroom residue was the lowest in the control group. N2O emissions were significantly reduced by weathered lignite. Fly maggot pretreatment significantly reduced CO2 emission equivalent（ECO2e>）, which is 32.1%-73.2% lower than CK1. The combined combination of mushroom residue and fly maggot pretreatment had the lowest ECO2e>. In summary, the test group experienced increased composting temperatures, while significantly reduced NH3 and ECO2e>. Based on composting temperature and ECO2e>, a combination of fly maggot pretreatment and mushroom residue is recommended as an optimal management solution. |
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