两种参池底质中氮、磷含量及其分布特征

文章摘要

.两种参池底质中氮、磷含量及其分布特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(7):.

两种参池底质中氮、磷含量及其分布特征

Contents and Distribution Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Sediments from Two Type Ponds for Sea Cucumber Breeding

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2013.07.028

中文关键词: 海参池塘底质氮磷内源污染

英文关键词: sea cucumber pond sediment nitrogen phosphorus internal pollution

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中文摘要:

为明确沙质、淤泥质参池底质中氮、磷变动规律，于2011年3月至11月分别对此2种参池进水口、中间区和排水口的底质的上层（0～2 cm）、下层（3～5 cm）进行了定点采样，分析了不同底质中总氮、总磷的时空分布特征。结果表明：（1）沙质中总氮含量为（0.16±0.05）～（0.29±0.03） mg·g-1,变化范围较小。淤泥质中总氮含量为（0.13±0.06）～（0.67±0.09） mg·g-1，变化范围大，总体呈增长趋势。方差分析结果表明，3—6月沙质和淤泥质中总氮含量没有显著差异（P＞0.05），7—11月沙质和淤泥质中总氮含量有显著差异（P＜0.01）。沙质中总磷含量为（0.02±0.02）～（0.09±0.07） mg·g-1，淤泥质中总磷含量较高，为（0.50±0.02）～（0.72±0.04）mg·g-1，两种底质中总磷含量都呈先降后升趋势，在8月份达到最低点。（2）总体上看，上层底质中总氮、总磷含量略高于下层，无显著性差异（P＞0.05）。（3）沙质、淤泥质中进水口总氮、总磷含量最低。总氮含量在排水口和中间区相差不大。调查前期和后期，中间区总磷含量均高于排水口，后期两区域磷含量差别较大。综合评价认为，沙质参池底质中氮磷含量低、变化小，可能更有助于海参的可持续健康养殖，淤泥质中氮磷含量较高，且随着养殖月份增加明显升高，作为水体中营养盐的主要来源，存在内源污染风险。

英文摘要:

With the strong development of sea cucumber pond breeding, the aquaculture water pollution becomes a serious problem. Sediments play vital role on pond environment pollution. To understand the rhythms of nitrogen（N） and phosphorus（P） in the sandy and the silty sediments ponds for sea cucumber breeding, the sandy and silty sediments samples in the upper（0～2 cm） and lower（3～5cm） layers near the inlet, middle area and the outlet of sea cucumber breeding pond were collected from March to November in 2011, respectively. The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of total nitrogen（TN） and total phosphorus（TP） in sandy and silty sediments were investigated. The results showed that TN contents ranged from（0.16±0.05）mg·g-1 to（0.29±0.03）mg·g-1 in sandy sediments, that in silty sediments ranged from（0.13±0.06）mg·g-1 to（0.67±0.09）mg·g-1. TN contents in silty sediment were in an upward trend in overall. The one-way ANOVA showed that there was no significant difference in the TN contents between the sandy and the silty sediments from March to June（P>0.05）, but a significant difference occurred from July to November（P<0.01）. TP contents ranged from（0.02±0.02）mg·g-1 to（0.09±0.07）mg·g-1 in sandy sediment, that in silty sediment ranged from（0.50±0.02）mg·g-1 to（0.72±0.04 ）mg·g-1. In the two sediments, the TP contents decreased first and then increased during the investigating period, reached the lowest in August. TN and TP contents in upper sediment were slightly higher than that in lower sediment, while the difference between the two layers was not significant（P>0.05）. The TN and TP contents were both the lowest in the two sediments near the inlet area. There was no big difference on TN contents in sediments near the middle and the outlet areas. TP contents in the middle area were both higher than that in the outlet area during the early and late investigating period. Moreover, the difference turned out to be bigger in the late investigating period. Comprehensively, the sandy sediment might be more beneficial for healthy and sustainable development of the sea cucumber breeding. The silty sediment could have internal pollution risks because of higher N and P accumulation contents.

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