文章摘要
王艳群,彭正萍,马阳,吴敏,王洋,宋学利,王会贤.减氮配施氮转化调控剂对麦田CO2和CH4排放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(7):1657-1664.
减氮配施氮转化调控剂对麦田CO2和CH4排放的影响
Reduction of nitrogen fertilizers combined with N conversion control additives influences CO2 and CH4 emissions in winter wheat field
投稿时间:2018-10-27  
DOI:10.11654/jaes.2018-1350
中文关键词: 冬小麦  减氮  氮转化调控剂  CO2排放  CH4排放
英文关键词: winter wheat  N reduction  conversion control additives  CO2 emission  CH4 emission
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0201707);河北省自然科学基金项目(C2016204078);河北省教育厅百名优秀创新人才项目
作者单位E-mail
王艳群 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院/河北省农田生态环境重点实验室, 河北 保定 071000  
彭正萍 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院/河北省农田生态环境重点实验室, 河北 保定 071000 pengzhengping@sina.com 
马阳 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院/河北省农田生态环境重点实验室, 河北 保定 071000  
吴敏 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院/河北省农田生态环境重点实验室, 河北 保定 071000  
王洋 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院/河北省农田生态环境重点实验室, 河北 保定 071000  
宋学利 肃宁县农业局, 河北 肃宁 062350  
王会贤 容城县农业局, 河北 容城 071700  
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中文摘要:
      为解决小麦生产中增施氮肥导致温室气体CO2和CH4排放增加、增温潜势较大等问题,采用田间试验法,研究减氮并配施不同氮转化调控剂等条件下的麦田土壤CO2和CH4排放规律、排放总量和二者的增温潜势。结果表明:麦田土壤是CO2排放源,其排放通量在夏季较高,春、秋季次之,冬季最低;麦田土壤是CH4弱吸收汇,季节性变化不明显;土壤温度、湿度、施肥等显著影响温室气体排放;与农民习惯施氮肥比,减氮处理的CO2平均排放通量和排放总量分别显著降低8.3%~32.6%和7.8%~31.6%,减氮处理的CH4平均吸收通量和吸收总量分别增加43.0%~130.8%和49.4%~138.5%,减氮处理的总GWP和净GWP分别降低7.9%~31.6%和14.5%~55.5%;与等氮量处理相比,配施氮转化调控剂处理的CO2排放通量、排放总量分别降低5.9%~26.5%和6.6%~25.8%,CH4平均吸收通量和吸收总量分别增加19.7%~61.3%和20.2%~59.7%,总GWP和净GWP降低6.6%~25.8%和12.6%~47.9%。结果表明,在农民习惯施氮肥基础上减氮和氮肥配施氮转化调控剂均显著减少麦田土壤CO2排放、促进CH4吸收、降低增温潜势。
英文摘要:
      In order to address the problem of increasing CO2 and CH4 emissions and potential greenhouse gas warming(GWP)caused by excessive application of N fertilizer in wheat production, a field experiment was conducted to study the emissions of CO2, CH4 and GWP from wheat field soil under the conditions of reducing N, combined with N conversion control additives. Soil temperature, moisture and fertilization significantly affected greenhouse gas emissions. Compared with farmers' conventional nitrogen model, the average CO2 emission flux and total CO2 emission from the N reduction models decreased by 8.3%~32.6% and 7.8%~31.6%, but the average CH4 absorption flux and total absorption increases by 43.0%~130.8% and 49.4%~138.5%, respectively, with the total GWP and net GWP decreasing by 7.9%~31.6% and 14.5%~55.5%, respectively. Compared with the N reduction model, CO2 emission flux and total emission from models of the N reduction model, combined with N conversion control additives decreased by 5.9%~26.5% and 6.6%~25.8% respectively. Average absorption flux and total absorption of CH4 increased by 19.7%~61.3% and 20.2%~59.7% and total GWP and net GWP decreased by 6.6%~25.8% and 12.6%~47.9%, respectively. In summary, N reduction on the basis of farmers' N fertilizer rate and N fertilizer combined with N conversion control additives can significantly reduce soil CO2 emissions, promote CH4 uptake, and reduce GWP in the wheat season. Wheat fields are the source of CO2 emissions, and their emission flux has clear seasonal variations that are higher in summer, lower in spring and autumn, and lowest in winter. Under the experimental conditions, the soil shows weak absorption of CH4.
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