| 王波,张然然,杨如意,石晓菁,苏楠楠,朱濛,昝树婷.外源硒和耐硒细菌对镉胁迫下水稻生长、生理和硒镉积累的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(12):2710-2718. |
| 外源硒和耐硒细菌对镉胁迫下水稻生长、生理和硒镉积累的影响 |
| Effect of exogenous selenium（Se）and Se-tolerant bacterium on the growth, physiology, and Se and cadmium （Cd）accumulation in rice （Oryza sativa L.）grown under Cd stress |
| 投稿时间：2020-04-17 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-0437 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻 镉污染 拮抗作用 耐硒细菌 |
| 英文关键词: Oryza sativa L. cadmium contamination antagonism selenium-tolerant bacteria |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（41771355）；安徽省自然科学基金面上项目（1508085SMC211）；污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室开放基金（PCRRF18012） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王波 | 安徽师范大学生态与环境学院, 安徽 芜湖 241002
安徽省水土污染治理与修复工程实验室, 安徽 芜湖 241002
皖江流域退化生态系统的恢复与重建省部共建协同创新中心, 安徽 芜湖 241002 | | | 张然然 | 安徽师范大学生态与环境学院, 安徽 芜湖 241002 | | | 杨如意 | 安徽师范大学生态与环境学院, 安徽 芜湖 241002
安徽省水土污染治理与修复工程实验室, 安徽 芜湖 241002
皖江流域退化生态系统的恢复与重建省部共建协同创新中心, 安徽 芜湖 241002 | yangruyi@ahnu.edu.cn | | 石晓菁 | 安徽师范大学生态与环境学院, 安徽 芜湖 241002 | | | 苏楠楠 | 安徽师范大学生态与环境学院, 安徽 芜湖 241002 | | | 朱濛 | 安徽师范大学生态与环境学院, 安徽 芜湖 241002
安徽省水土污染治理与修复工程实验室, 安徽 芜湖 241002
皖江流域退化生态系统的恢复与重建省部共建协同创新中心, 安徽 芜湖 241002 | | | 昝树婷 | 安徽师范大学生态与环境学院, 安徽 芜湖 241002
安徽省水土污染治理与修复工程实验室, 安徽 芜湖 241002
皖江流域退化生态系统的恢复与重建省部共建协同创新中心, 安徽 芜湖 241002 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 镉是我国农田土壤中毒性最强和最普遍的污染物之一。硒镉间的拮抗作用已被大量研究所证实，但硒的施用量和耐硒细菌对植物硒镉积累的影响尚不明确。本文通过盆栽试验，研究了添加外源硒和接种耐硒细菌Lysinibacillus macrolides DS15菌株对镉胁迫下水稻的生长、生理代谢以及硒镉含量的影响。研究表明，外源硒使水稻株高显著增加，促进了水稻对硒的积累，降低了超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide dismutase，SOD）和过氧化氢酶（Catalase，CAT）活性。与对照相比，低硒（0.5 mg·kg-1 Na2SeO3）和高硒处理（2.0 mg·kg-1 Na2SeO3）使水稻根际土壤有效镉含量分别下降了32.24%和9.43%，并减少了水稻地上部分对镉的积累和镉向地上部的运输。低硒处理对土壤中镉的钝化以及对镉胁迫的缓解作用均显著优于高硒处理。与对照相比，不接种L.macroides时高硒处理反而造成水稻镉含量显著增加。接种L.macroides使水稻生物量增加了1.79倍，降低了水稻的硒含量，使SOD和CAT活性升高，根际土壤有效镉含量下降了18.46%，降低了水稻对镉的积累和运输。外源硒和接种L.macroides的交互作用对水稻硒、镉积累和运输均有显著影响，低硒、接种处理可以降低水稻镉含量，而高硒、接种处理可减少镉向地上部分的运输。研究表明，适量的硒和接种DS15可以降低土壤中镉的有效性，减少水稻对镉的积累和运输。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Cadmium(Cd)is among the most toxic and widespread pollutants in agricultural soils in China. The antagonism between selenium(Se)and Cd has been extensively investigated in the past decades. However, the effects of Se application amount and Se-tolerant bacteria on Se and Cd accumulation in plants remain poorly understood. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of exogenous Se and inoculation with Se-tolerant bacterium Lysinibacillus macrolides strain DS15 on the growth, physiology, and Se and Cd accumulation in rice(Oryza sativa L.)grown under Cd stress. The results showed that exogenous Se increased the shoot length of rice, increased Se accumulation, and decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)enzymes. Low(0.5 mg·kg-1 Na2SeO3)and high(2.0 mg·kg-1 Na2SeO3)Se additions significantly decreased the availabilities of Cd in rhizosphere soil by 32.24% and 9.43%, respectively, thereby reducing Cd accumulation in shoot and transportation in rice. The effects of low Se treatment on the immobilization of Cd in soil and the alleviation of Cd stress were consistently superior to those of high Se treatment, while excessive Se increased Cd content in rice shoot and root under sterilization condition compared to the control. Inoculation with Se-tolerant L. macrolides increased rice biomass by 1.79 times but decreased Se contents in rice, and thus, it induced the increase of SOD and CAT activities. L. macrolides reduced the availability of Cd in rhizosphere soil by 18.46%, and thus, it decreased Cd accumulation and transportation in rice. Interaction between exogenous Se and inoculation with L. macrolides affected the accumulation and transportation of Se and Cd in rice significantly. Low Se and inoculation with L. macrolides decreased Cd uptake in rice, while high Se and inoculation with L. macrolides decreased the transportation of Cd. This study indicates that low Se and Se-tolerant bacterium can decrease the availability of Cd in soil, and thus, reduce the accumulation and transportation of Cd in rice. |
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