| 姜小三,卢梦凡,刘岩,李晗泚,袁诗睿,林伯正.江苏省4类主要秸秆和畜禽粪便空间分布及综合利用潜力研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2024,43(3):675-687. |
| 江苏省4类主要秸秆和畜禽粪便空间分布及综合利用潜力研究 |
| Spatial distribution and comprehensive utilization potential of four main types of straw and livestock manure in Jiangsu Province |
| 投稿时间：2023-03-04 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2023-0159 |
| 中文关键词: 农业废弃物 资源化利用 秸秆 畜禽粪便 空间热点 |
| 英文关键词: agricultural waste resource utilization straw livestock manure spatial hotspots |
| 基金项目:国家农业可持续发展试验示范区建设项目；“三新”技术转化与推广示范项目（tzyjy100035） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明晰江苏省农业废弃物资源分布格局并进行利用潜力评估，推进农业废弃物资源化利用，助力农业全面绿色转型，本研究借助GIS构建数据批处理模型，测算各区县水稻、小麦、玉米和油菜4种作物的秸秆和猪、牛、羊、家禽4种畜禽的粪便产生量，及其在肥料化、能源化方面的利用潜力理论值，并结合热点分析结果为江苏省农业废弃物综合利用提供政策建议。结果表明：2020年江苏省4种主要作物秸秆可收集总量高达3 972.00万t，以水稻和小麦秸秆为主，集中分布在江苏北部和中部。分析其肥料化利用潜力，理论上相当于1 511.89万t有机碳、12.04万t N、1.59万t P、24.49万t K，能源化理论上相当于1 617.52万t标准煤或6.5×109 m3沼气；江苏省4种主要畜禽粪便产生总量为4 560.77万t，家禽粪便与猪粪最多，主要分布在东部边界和西北部地区。分析其肥料化利用潜力，理论计算相当于737.00万t有机碳、31.15万t N、29.86万t P和26.89万t K，能源化利用可折算成1 036.95万t标准煤或4.9×109 m3沼气；99%置信度下，江苏省有10个秸秆产生热点县、7个畜禽粪便产生热点县和5个秸秆-畜禽粪便双热点县。秸秆产生热点县应根据主要秸秆种类选择直接还田、制作饲料、生产农副产品和食用菌等合适的利用方向。畜禽粪便产生热点县适于开展以粪污处理为核心的循环利用模式。秸秆-畜禽粪便双热点县则具有利用种养结合构建多层次、多元化、综合化利用格局的重要优势。此外，江苏省应根据资源聚集情况，分层、分类布设资源收集处理中心，并同步优化全省的收储运网络。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To clarify the distribution pattern of agricultural waste resources in Jiangsu Province and evaluate their utilization potential, promote the resource utilization of agricultural waste, and assist in the comprehensive green transformation of agriculture, In this study, we used GIS to construct a data batch processing model, which was applied to calculate the production of straw from four crops, namely, rice, wheat, corn, and rapeseed, as well as manure derived from four livestock/poultry sources, including pigs, cows, sheep, and poultry, in different districts and counties. The theoretical values of the potential utilization of fertilizer and energy are also analyzed. On the basis of the findings of hotspot analyses, we proposed policy recommendations for the comprehensive utilization of agricultural waste in Jiangsu Province. The results revealed that in 2020, the total amount of straw collected from the four main crops in Jiangsu Province reached 39.720 0 million tons, mainly rice and wheat straw, with production being concentrated in the northern and central parts of Jiangsu Province. Analyzing the potential of this straw for fertilizer utilization, we established that this straw was theoretically equivalent to 15.118 9 million tons of organic carbon, 120 400 tons of N, 15 900 tons of P, and 244 900 tons of K. In theory, the energy conversion of this material is equivalent to 16.175 2 million tons of standard coal or 6.5×109 m3 of biogas. The total amount of feces produced by the four main types of livestock and poultry in Jiangsu Province was 45.607 7 million tons, with poultry and pig manure being the most abundant, and production being mainly distributed along the eastern provincial border and in the northwest regions. Analyzing the potential of this manure for fertilizer utilization, we obtained theoretical values equivalent to 7.370 0 million tons of organic carbon, 311 500 tons of N, 298 600 tons of P, and 268 900 tons of K. In theory, the energy conversion of this material is equivalent to 10.369 5 million tons of standard coal or 4.9×109 m3 of biogas. At the 99% confidence level, we identified 10 hotspot counties for straw production, 7 for livestock and poultry manure production, and 5 for both straw and livestock/poultry manure production in Jiangsu Province. Hotspot counties for straw production should adopt suitable utilization measures based on the main types of straw, including direct return to the field, production of feed, production of agricultural and sideline products, and edible fungi. Hotspot counties for livestock and poultry manure production are suitable for implementing a recycling model centered on fecal treatment. Dual straw/livestock manure hotspot counties have important advantages in utilizing the combination of planting and breeding to establish a multi-level, diversified, and comprehensive utilization pattern. In addition, Jiangsu Province should establish resource collection and processing centers in a hierarchical and classified manner based on resource aggregation, and synchronously optimize the province's collection, storage, and transportation network. |
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