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| 黄河三角洲地区除草剂对紫花苜蓿产量及杂草群落影响的初探 |
| Preliminary Study on Effect of Herbicides on Alfalfa Yield and Weed Community Characteristics in Yellow River Delta, China |
| 投稿时间：2015-12-17 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2015.0293 |
| 中文关键词: 除草剂 紫花苜蓿 杂草 群落 |
| 英文关键词: herbicide alfalfa weed community characteristics |
| 基金项目:国家牧草产业技术体系项目(CARS-35);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201403048);山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目[鲁财农指(2015)16号] |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对紫花苜蓿田杂草,选用咪唑乙烟酸、精喹禾灵、高效氟吡甲禾灵和乙氧氟草醚4种除草剂,研究了不同除草剂和浓度对苜蓿产量和杂草群落特征的影响。结果表明,喷施咪唑乙烟酸、高效氟吡甲禾灵均能提高苜蓿产量,咪唑乙烟酸2000mL·hm-2、高效氟吡甲禾灵700mL·hm-2增产效果最好,喷施乙氧氟草醚明显抑制苜蓿生长;咪唑乙烟酸、精喹禾灵、乙氧氟草醚能明显降低杂草种类。从物种重要值来看,马唐、马齿苋、稗草等属于较难防除杂草;喷施除草剂对杂草群落产生了影响,物种多样性指数随药剂浓度的增大均呈下降趋势。从试验结果综合判断,除草剂最佳选择为咪唑乙烟酸2000mL·hm-2,其次为高效氟吡甲禾灵700mL·hm-2。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Alfalfa(Medicago sativa) is one of important legume forages worldwide. However, weed is the main factor limiting alfalfa production. Biomass quality and yield and stability of dry matter production during cultivation are directly associated with the interference of weeds which compete with alfalfa for water, light and nutrients. The use of herbicides is a good alternative for weed control. In order to control weed in alfalfa field with suitable herbicide in Yellow River delta, the effect of four herbicides(imazethapyr, quizalofop-p-ethyl, haloxyfop-r-methyl and oxyfluorfen) with different concentration on afalfal yield and weed community characteristics were studied. The results showed that both imazethapyr and haloxyfop-r-methyl treatments could increase alfalfa yield, and the best herbicide application concentration was imazethapyr with 2 000 mL·hm-2 and haloxyfop-r-methyl with 700 mL·hm-2, but oxyfluorfen treatment would limit alfalfa growth significantly. Weed species numbers in the treatments of imazethapyr, quizalofop-p-ethyl and oxyfluorfen decreased significantly. Digitariasanguinalis, Portulacaoleracea and Echinochloacrusgalli were more difficult to control from specie important value in all treatments. Species diversity index decreased with higher herbicide concentration in all treatments. From this study, herbicide imazethapyr with 2 000 mL·hm-2 application concentration was the best weed control method, and the second one was haloxyfop-r-methyl with 700 mL·hm-2 application concentration. |
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