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| 添加生物质炭改良剂对土壤-烟草中重金属含量的影响 |
| Effects of biochar amendments on heavy metal content in soil-tobacco system |
| 投稿时间：2018-05-18 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2018.0129 |
| 中文关键词: 重金属，烟叶，土壤，改良剂，削减 |
| 英文关键词: heavy metal, tobacco, soil, amendments, decreasing effect |
| 基金项目:中国烟草总公司贵州省公司项目（201506） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 赵建 | 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司, 遵义 563000 | | | 朱文彬 | 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008 | | | 汪玉 | 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008 | | | 祝乾湘 | 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司, 遵义 563000 | | | 彭玉龙 | 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司, 遵义 563000 | | | 刘京 | 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司, 遵义 563000 | | | 韩小斌 | 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司, 遵义 563000 | | | 夏志林 | 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司, 遵义 563000 | xzl5621555@163.com | | 王慎强 | 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008 | sqwang@issas.ac.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以贵州省遵义市务川县涪洋镇前进村科技园和湄潭县茅坪镇烤烟区土壤、烟叶为研究对象，选择生物质炭和生物质炭基肥作为改良剂，探究其对不同部位烟叶及对应土壤中As、Cd、Cr、Pb的削减效果。试验设置生物质炭（6000 kg·hm-2）和生物质炭基肥处理（6000 kg·hm-2），以常规施肥处理为对照，分析添加生物质炭和生物质炭基肥对植烟土壤中重金属含量的影响。结果表明，与对照处理相比，生物质炭处理显著降低两试验点烟地土壤中As（务川：15.21%~31.71%；湄潭：13.9%~25.3%）和Pb（务川：15.37%~33.33%；湄潭：9.83%~20.7%）含量（P<0.05），而对务川土壤中Cd含量及湄潭土壤中Cr含量无显著削减效果；同时显著降低两试验点烟叶中As（务川：中部和上部叶未检出；湄潭：中部和上部叶未检出）、Cd（务川：32.5%~41.2%；湄潭：64.0%~73.2%）、Cr（务川：8.33%~50.4%；湄潭：25.6%~62.5%）和Pb（务川：10.1%~69.8%；湄潭：19.6%~83.5%）含量（P<0.05）。生物质炭基肥处理显著降低务川试验点烟地土壤中As（11.5%~24.2%）、Cd（10.0%~33.3%）、Cr（11.0%~26.4%）和Pb（4.21%~26.1%）含量（P<0.05），但对湄潭试验点烟地土壤中Cd含量影响并不显著；对务川试验点烟叶中Cd和Cr含量以及湄潭试验点烟叶中Pb含量无显著影响。各重金属元素主要累积在下部叶中，而上部叶累积较少。综上所述，添加生物质炭和生物质炭基肥能够显著降低两试验点土壤中As和Pb含量；生物质炭处理同时能够显著降低两试验点对应烟叶中As、Cd、Cr和Pb含量，且效果优于生物质炭基肥。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Field experiment was conducted at the experimental site of the flue-cured tobacco area of Wuchuang and Meitan County in Guizhou Province, China to study the effect of two types amendments of biochar and biomass carbon-based fertilizer on the content of As, Cd, Cr, Pb in tobacco and available As, Cd, Cr, Pb in soil. The experiment set biochar treatment (6000 kg·hm-2) and biomass carbon-based fertilizer treatment (6000 kg·hm-2), and use the conventional fertilization treatment as a control to analyze the effects of addition of biochar and biomass carbon-based fertilizer on the content of heavy mental in soil and tobacoo. The results showed that compared with the control treatment, the biochar treatment significantly reduced the As (Wuchuan:15.21%~31.71%; Meitan:13.9%~25.3%) and Pb (Wuchuan:15.37%~33.33%; Meitan:9.83%~20.7%) content in the soil of the two test sites (P<0.05), but had no significant reduction effect on the Cd content in the Wuchuan soil and the Cr content in the Meitan soil. At the same time, the contents of As (not detected), Cd (Wuchuan:32.5%~41.2%; Meitan:64.0%~73.2%), Cr (Wuchuan:8.33%~50.4%; Meitan:25.6%~62.5%) and Pb (Wuchuan:10.1%~69.8%; Meitan:19.6%~83.5%) in the tobacco leaves of the two test sites were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Biomass carbon-based fertilizer treatment significantly reduced the contents of As (11.5%~24.2%), Cd (10.0%~33.3%), Cr (11.0%~26.4%) and Pb (4.21%~26.1%) in the soil of the Wuchuan test site (P<0.05), but had no significant effect on the Cd content in the soil of the Meitan test site; There was no significant effect on the Cd and Cr contents in the tobacco leaves of Wuchuan and the Pb content in the tobacco leaves of Meitan. And the heavy metal content in the upper leaf was significantly lower than that in the lower leaf. To sum up, the addition of biochar and biomass carbon-based fertilizer could significantly reduce the content of As and Pb in the soil of the two test sites. Biochar treatment could significantly reduce the content of As, Cd, Cr and Pb in the corresponding tobacco leaves, which was better than biomass carbon-based fertilizer. |
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