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| 不同时期叶面喷硒对冬枣含硒量与品质的影响 |
| Effects of foliar selenium spray at different growing stages on selenium content and quality of winter jujube fruit |
| 投稿时间：2019-03-02 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2019.0107 |
| 中文关键词: 冬枣，叶面喷硒，生长时期，硒含量，品质 |
| 英文关键词: winter jujube, foliar Se spray, growth period, Se content, fruit quality |
| 基金项目:山东省重点研发计划项目（2015GNC111010） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了筛选冬枣（Zizyphus jujuba Mill.var.Dongzao）的最佳施硒方案，通过在展叶期、幼果期、果实膨大期、白熟期分别进行一次性叶面喷施亚硒酸钠溶液（含硒量为45 mg·L-1，施硒量为27 mg·株-1），研究不同时期施硒对冬枣叶片和果实的硒含量、硒有机化程度以及果实品质的影响。结果表明：在果实膨大期或白熟期叶面喷施硒溶液后，叶片和果实的总硒含量均得到显著提高，其中果实膨大期喷硒使总硒和有机硒含量增幅最大，冬枣果实含硒量由25 μg·kg-1提高到76 μg·kg-1。不同时期叶面喷硒对冬枣果实品质的作用效果不尽相同，果实膨大期施硒对冬枣品质的改善效果最佳，此时冬枣果实中的可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、维生素C、总黄酮含量和糖酸比均达到最高值，分别较对照显著提高了13.30%、17.17%、16.33%、29.17%和28.89%。综合研究结果表明，生产富硒冬枣以在果实膨大期一次叶面喷硒的效果最佳。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to select the best period for selenium(Se) application for winter jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. Dongzao), a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different Se application(via foliar spraying) periods on total Se content, organic Se ratio, and fruit quality. The NaSeO3 solution(27 mg Se per plant) was applied only once at different growth stages including leaf expansion period (LEP), fruitlet period(FLP), fruit swelling period(FSP), and fruit ripening period(FRP). The results indicated that total Se content in leaf and fruit increased rapidly when the Se foliar spray was applied at FSP or FRP, and the maximum values were observed when Se was applied at FSP. The Se content in fruit was enhanced from 25 μg·kg-1 to 76 μg·kg-1. Various effects on the fruit quality of winter jujube were found depending on different Se application periods. Foliar Se spray application at FSP showed the best effects for improvement of fruit quality yielding the maximum values of soluble solid, soluble sugar, vitamin C, total flavone content and sugar-acid ratio, which were significantly higher by 13.30%, 17.17%, 16.33%, 29.17%, and 28.89%, respectively, in comparison to that in the control. These results suggested that foliar NaSeO3 spray, at a Se concentration of 45 mg Se·L-1, applied at FSP was a good method for the production of Se-enriched winter jujube fruits. |
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