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| 内生菌-植物联合修复污染土壤研究进展 |
| Research progress on remediation of pollutants in soil using plant-endophyte associations |
| 投稿时间：2020-06-05 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2020.0300 |
| 中文关键词: 内生菌，植物修复，定殖，土壤，有机污染物，重金属 |
| 英文关键词: endophyte, phytoremediation, colonization, soil, organic pollutant, heavy metal |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（21467018）；江西省教育厅项目（GJJ170576） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 环境污染对生态系统及人类健康造成严重威胁。近年来，许多学者研究发现内生菌联合植物修复体系对修复自然环境中的重金属和有机物具有巨大的潜力。本文主要从内生菌联合植物进行污染修复的机理和应用两方面入手，介绍了内生菌接种宿主植物根、茎、叶部的几种方法及定殖的检测方法，总结了污染土壤中内生菌在植物组织内的定殖动态，以及内生菌-植物联合体系强化有机物污染和重金属污染修复效果的应用，并从内生菌调节生长因子、生物固氮和溶磷、在宿主植物体内的共代谢有机物、产生特异性酶降解有机物、提升植物对重金属抗性和降低重金属毒性几个方面解释了内生菌和植物的联合修复机理。最后指出，虽然已经有许多对于内生菌联合植物修复体系的研究，但是目前两者相互作用机理尚未完全清楚，对于多种内生菌组合体系以及处理水体和大气污染的研究并不完善，这些都将成为今后的研究重点。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Environmental pollution poses a serious threat to ecosystems and human health. In recent years, many scholars have found that endophyte-assisted phytoremediation has a particularly significant effect on the removal of pollutants in the environment and in the restoration of ecosystems. This article mainly describes the mechanisms and applications of endophyte-assisted phytoremediation, and highlights several methods of endophyte inoculation and the corresponding methods used to detect the colonization of these endophytes in the roots, stems, and leaves of host plants. The colonization dynamics of endophytes in the tissues of plants grown in contaminated soil and the application of the endophyte-plant system to enhance the remediation of areas contaminated with organic and heavy metal pollutants are also summarized. Furthermore, we describe the remedial mechanisms of endophyte and plant systems with respect to endophyte regulatory growth factors, biological nitrogen fixation and phosphorus dissolution, co-metabolizing organic compounds in host plants, the production of specific enzymes for degradation of organic compounds, the enhancement of plant resistance to heavy metals, and the reduction in heavy metal toxicity. Finally, we emphasize the fact that although there have been many studies on endophyte-assisted phytoremediation systems, the mechanisms underlying the interactions between hosts plants and endophytes have yet to be sufficiently elucidated. Moreover, there has been comparatively little research on the different aspects of endophyte-assisted phytoremediation and its application with respect to the treatment of water bodies and air pollution, which should become focuses of future research. |
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