|
| 投喂率对稻-黄颡鱼共作系统气态氮散失和饲料氮利用率的影响 |
| Effects of feeding rate on gaseous nitrogen loss and feed nitrogen utilization in a rice-yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) co-culture system |
| 投稿时间：2021-02-23 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2021.0110 |
| 中文关键词: 稻鱼共作，黄颡鱼，投喂率，N2O排放，氨挥发 |
| 英文关键词: rice-fish co-culture, yellow catfish, feeding rate, N2O emission, ammonia volatilization |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41877548，41907410） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 758 |
| 全文下载次数: 896 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨稻鱼共作模式中投喂率对N2O、NH3排放以及饲料氮利用率的影响，采用模拟试验，设置不同投喂率（0、2%、4%、6%和8%）稻-黄颡鱼共作处理以及黄颡鱼单养处理（投喂率4%），研究投喂率对稻-黄颡鱼共作系统中N2O和NH3排放特征、水体和底泥氮含量、黄颡鱼生长性能和饲料氮利用率的影响。结果表明，稻-黄颡鱼共作处理N2O累积排放量和水体总氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、亚硝态氮含量随投喂率增加而增加，分别从未投喂处理的-0.01 kg·hm-2和0.60、0.22、0.25、0.02 mg·L-1增加到8%投喂率处理的0.72 kg·hm-2和4.61、1.75、2.50、0.16 mg·L-1。在相同投喂率下，稻-黄颡鱼共作处理N2O累积排放量、水体总氮、铵态氮、硝态氮和亚硝态氮含量分别比黄颡鱼单养处理降低32.10%、48.63%、31.43%、69.13%和69.23%。增加投喂率会削弱稻-黄颡鱼共作模式对N2O排放和水体氮污染的抑制效应。投喂率对稻-黄颡鱼共作处理NH3挥发无显著影响。黄颡鱼对饲料氮的利用率随投喂率增加呈下降趋势；特定生长率、粗蛋白含量和蛋白增加量随投喂率增加呈先增后减趋势。稻-黄颡鱼共作处理中最大特定生长率、最高蛋白增加量和最低单位产量N2O排放量对应投喂率分别是5.49%、5.16%和1.00%。相同投喂率条件下，稻-黄颡鱼共作有利于促进黄颡鱼粗蛋白累积、降低N2O和NH3排放量以及水体和底泥氮养分含量。研究表明，稻-黄颡鱼共作系统中，水体氮含量和N2O排放量随投喂率的提高而增加，综合黄颡鱼生长和N2O排放情况，建议稻-黄颡鱼共作模式的投喂率不超过5.49%。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Feeding rate is a key parameter regulating the nutrient utilization and environmental pollution of rice-fish co-culture systems. However, the response of N2O and NH3 emissions to the feeding rate in the rice-fish co-culture system is still unclear. Therefore, in this study, a simulation experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding rate on the N2O and NH3 emission characteristics, nitrogen content in the water and soil, growth performance of yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco), and feed nitrogen utilization of rice-yellow catfish co-culture system. For this, we set up different feeding rates(0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%) for the rice-yellow catfish co-culture system and used a yellow catfish monoculture treatment at 4% feeding rate as the control. The results showed that the N2O emission and content of total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and nitrite nitrogen in the water increased with an increase in the feeding rate in the co-culture system. The cumulative N2O emission and content of total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and nitrite nitrogen in the water of the co-culture system increased from -0.01 kg·hm-2, 0.60, 0.22, 0.25, 0.02 mg·L-1 in the no-feeding treatment(0% feeding rate) to 0.72 kg · hm-2, 4.61, 1.75, 2.50, 0.16 mg · L-1 in the 8% feeding rate treatment, respectively. However, under the same feeding rates, the cumulative N2O emission and content of total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and nitrite nitrogen of the coculture system declined by 32.10%, 48.63%, 31.43%, 69.13%, and 69.23% compared with those of the yellow catfish monoculture system. Increased feeding rate weakened the mitigation of N2O emission and nitrogen pollution in the water in the co-culture system. The feeding rate had no significant effect on the amount of NH3 volatilization in the co-culture system. Feed nitrogen utilization by yellow catfish in the different feeding rate treatments decreased with the increase in feeding rate. Furthermore, the specific growth rate, crude protein content, and protein gain of yellow catfish in the different treatments firstly increased and then decreased with the increase in feeding rate. The maximum specific growth rate, maximum individual protein increase, and lowest per unit yield of N2O emissions in the co-culture system were achieved with feeding rates of 5.49%, 5.16%, and 1.00%, respectively. Under these feeding rate conditions, the rice-yellow catfish coculture is beneficial for promoting the deposition of crude protein of yellow catfish, reducing the emission of N2O and NH3, and reducing the nitrogen nutrient content of water bodies and soil. In the co-culture system, the nitrogen content in the water body and N2O emission increased with the increase in feeding rate. Thus, combining the growth of yellow catfish and N2O emission, it is recommended that the feeding rate for rice-yellow catfish co-culture should not exceed 5.49%. |
| HTML
查看全文
查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 关闭 |
|
|
|
