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| 气候智慧型农业措施对中国农田土壤有机碳含量影响的Meta分析 |
| Effects of climate-smart agricultural measures on soil organic carbon content of farmland in China：a metaanalysis |
| 投稿时间：2023-03-09 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2023.0152 |
| 中文关键词: 气候变化，农田管理措施，土壤有机碳变化，影响因素，Meta分析，中国 |
| 英文关键词: climate change, farmland management measure, soil organic carbon change, influencing factor, meta-analysis, China |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41871180）；江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金项目（BK20220037） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 气候智慧型农业（Climate-smart agriculture，CSA）作为一种致力于实现提高农业效率、增强农业适应性和减少温室气体排放三大目标的新型农业，已经在全球农业区得到了广泛实施。本研究旨在探究4种CSA措施——生物炭、免耕、绿肥和秸秆还田对我国农田土壤有机碳（Soil organic carbon，SOC）含量的影响，以期为我国农田SOC管理和CSA的推广提供科学依据。数据来源于CNKI和Web of Science两大文献数据库，共收集了2002—2022年78篇相关的大田试验文献，并摘录470条试验结果和试验背景信息，利用整合分析（Meta-analysis）的方法量化4种CSA措施对我国农田SOC含量的作用效果及作用过程中的外部影响因素。结果表明：相较于传统农业，CSA措施对农田SOC含量具有显著的提升作用，总体可提高18.19%。4种措施的实施效果表现为生物炭>秸秆还田>绿肥>免耕，SOC含量增长率分别为46.67%、17.08%、9.32%、7.34%。区域环境因素（气温、降水、土壤深度、土壤pH、初始SOC含量等）和管理方式（试验持续时长、试验地种植模式）在不同程度上影响4种CSA措施的实施效果，且在我国不同区域实施CSA措施，SOC含量变化差异显著。综上所述，CSA措施对我国农田SOC含量有显著影响，其影响效果与气候、土壤、管理方式、地域等密切相关。在CSA实践中，应综合考虑各因素对实施效果的影响，采取适宜的措施和管理方式，以最大程度促进农田SOC含量的提升。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Climate-smart agriculture（CSA）has been implemented widely in agricultural regions worldwide as a new type of agriculture that aims to achieve the three goals of improving agricultural efficiency, enhancing agricultural adaptability, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of four CSA practices, biochar application, no-tillage, green manure, and straw return, on soil organic carbon（SOC）content in farmland in China, to provide a scientific foundation for SOC management and CSA promotion in the country. The two major literature databases, Web of Science and CNKI, were used to search the data. A total of 470 sets of field experiment data were collected from 78 articles published from 2002 to 2022. Meta-analysis was used to assess the effects of the CSA practices on SOC content and explore its influencing factors. The results showed that the practices of CSA significantly increased SOC content by 18.19% in comparison with the value of conventional tillage. There were differences in the implementation effects of the four CSA practices. Specifically, biochar application was the most effective approach for increasing SOC content（46.67%）, followed by straw return（17.08%）, green manure（9.32%）, and no-tillage（7.34%）. Moreover, regional environmental factors（temperature, precipitation, depth of soil, soil pH value, initial value of SOC, etc.）and management methods（duration of experiment and planting pattern）affected the implementation effect of the CSA practices to varying degrees, and the implementation of CSA measures in different regions of China, resulted in different significant changes in SOC content. According to the information above, CSA practices had a significant impact on SOC content in farmland in China, and the effect was tightly linked to climate, soil, management, and location. Hence, in the practice of CSA, it is important to consider the impacts of various factors on the implementation effect fully and then adopt the proper practices and management methods to maximize SOC content. |
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