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| 不同覆膜处理对晋南旱塬麦田土壤微生物功能多样性的影响 |
| Effects of different mulching regimes on soil microbial functional diversity of wheat fields in the dry tableland of south Shanxi ProvinceWU Min1,3, REN Shaocong1,2,3, SHANG Yanmeng1,3,4, XIE Yinghe1,3, LI Tingliang1,3, |
| 投稿时间：2024-01-13 修订日期：2024-04-12 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 覆膜处理 土壤微生物 碳源利用 功能多样性 相关性网络 |
| 英文关键词: Mulching regime Soil microorganisms Utilization of carbon sources functional diversity relationship network. |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过研究不同覆膜处理对晋南旱塬麦田土壤微生物对碳源利用的差异,从微生物功能多样性角度出发,探索当地最佳覆膜方式,为小麦增产提供理论依据。于旱作小麦长期定位试验田中采集无膜(Control Check,CK)、垄膜沟播(Ridge Mulching and Furrow Seeding,RMFS)和平膜穴播(Flat Mulching and Dibbling,FMD)三个处理的表层土样(0~20 cm)。采用Biolog-ECO微平板法测定微生物群落的碳源利用能力和功能多样性。结果表明：与CK相比,两种覆膜处理均能提高土壤微生物对碳源的利用能力,并且均匀度指数均显著低于CK(P<0.05)；其中,FMD处理下微生物对碳源利用的AWCD值(Average well Color Development,平均颜色变化率)、丰富度指数以及多样性指数均显著高于其他处理(P<0.05),且与CK相比,FMD可显著提高微生物对酚酸、羧酸和氨基酸这三类碳源的利用能力；主成分分析和聚类热图表明土壤微生物对碳源的利用在各处理间发生明显分异；相关性网络图表明两种覆膜处理均促进了微生物对多种碳源的利用；影响碳源利用的主要因子为积温、产量和碱解氮,且与多聚物、碳水化合物和羧酸类碳源的利用显著相关(P<0.05)。综上所述覆膜处理有助于晋南旱塬麦田土壤微生物功能多样性的提升,尤其是平膜穴播,结合小麦增产效果,是一种适合在晋南黄土旱塬小麦种植区推广的覆膜方式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, the effects of different film-mulching regimes on soil microbial functional diversity of wheat fields in the dry tableland of south Shanxi Province were studied, and the best local mulching regime was explored from the perspective of microbial functional diversity. It was aimed to provide theoretical basis for wheat cultivation with high yield in the dry tableland of south Shanxi Province. Topsoil samples (0~20 cm) treated with mulching film free (CK), ridge mulching and furrow seeding (RMFS), flat mulching and dibbling (FMD)were collected from the long-term dryland wheat positioning experiment field. The carbon source utilization capacity and functional diversity of microbial communities were measured by Biolog-ECO microplate method. The results showed that, compared with CK, both the two film-mulching regimes could improve the carbon source utilization capacity of soil microorganisms, and the Pielou Evenness Index was significantly lower than CK (P<0.05). The AWCD value, richness index and diversity index of carbon source utilization by microorganisms under FMD treatment were significantly higher than other treatments (P<0.05). After mulching, the evenness index was significantly lower than CK (P<0.05). Compared with CK, FMD can significantly enhance the phenolic acids, carboxylic acids and amino acids utilization of soil microorganisms. Principal component analysis and biclustering heatmap showed that soil microbial utilization of carbon source varied significantly among different treatments. The relationship networks showed that the two kinds of mulching regimes promoted the utilization of multiple carbon sources by microorganisms. The main factors affecting the utilization of carbon sources are accumulated temperature, yield and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, and the utilization of polymer, carbohydrate and carboxylic acid carbon sources is significantly correlated(P<0.05). In conclusion, mulching measures can improve the functional diversity of soil microorganisms in the dry tableland of south Shanxi. Specially, flat mulching regime is suitable for widespread application in the dry tableland wheat cultivation region of south Shanxi Province. |
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