| 李忠徽,王旭东.不同发酵辅料下牛粪腐解过程温度和养分的变化规律[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(3):471-477. |
| 不同发酵辅料下牛粪腐解过程温度和养分的变化规律 |
| Changes of Temperature and Nutrients in Cow Dung with Different Amendments During Composting Process |
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| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2014.03.010 |
| 中文关键词: 牛粪 辅料 发酵剂 堆肥 温度 养分 |
| 英文关键词: cow dung fermentation agent amendments compost temperature nutrients |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2034 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确不同辅料对牛粪堆腐进程及养分转化的影响，向牛粪和秸秆的混合物料中分别添加尿素、油渣、豆饼和两种发酵剂进行堆肥发酵试验，监测发酵过程中堆体的温度，分析堆肥的酸度和氮、磷等养分的变化规律。结果表明:在堆肥过程中，发酵剂能够提高牛粪的堆腐温度，使堆体快速进入高温阶段，延长高温持续时间。随着堆肥的进行，产物的全氮含量增加，添加发酵剂尤其是自制的发酵剂，使氮素含量更高；降低了堆肥后期产物NH+4-N/NO-3-N的比值，使堆肥在第21 d达到腐熟标准（NH+4-N/NO-3-N≤0.5）。添加发酵剂还促进堆肥后期无机磷向有机磷转化，提高了有机磷/无机磷的比值。从保氮和腐熟综合考虑，添加不同辅料对牛粪的腐熟效果为自制发酵剂>商品发酵剂>豆饼>油渣>尿素。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Composting cow dungs is an effective way to dispose the wastes. However, different amendments greatly affect nutrient transformations during composting process. In this experiment, urea, oil residue, bean cake and two types of fermentation agents were added to the mixture of cow dung and straw materials to examine changes in temperature, acidity of compost product and contents of nitrogen and phosphorus. Additions of fermentation agents could increase temperature of cow dung compost, bringing the compost to high temperature phase quickly and extending the high-temperature duration. Composting increased total nitrogen contents. Adding our own developed fermentation agents led to greater nitrogen contents, but reduced the ratios of NH+4-N to NO-3-N, thus having the compost matured in 21 days（NH+4-N/NO-3-N≤0.5）. In addition, the fermentation agents also promoted the transformation of inorganic into organic phosphorus and improved the ratio of organic phosphorus to inorganic phosphorus of the compost products. Considering both nitrogen conservation and compost maturity, different amendments were in order of our fermentation agents>commercial fermentation agents>bean cakes>oil residues>urea. |
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