三峡库区季节性吸附态磷负荷的空间分布特征

龙天渝; 王海娟; 刘佳; 刘敏

文章摘要

龙天渝,王海娟,刘佳,刘敏.三峡库区季节性吸附态磷负荷的空间分布特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(3):538-545.

三峡库区季节性吸附态磷负荷的空间分布特征

Spatial Distribution of Seasonal Adsorbed Phosphorus Load in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

投稿时间：2014-11-03

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2015.03.017

中文关键词: 日降雨量吸附态磷负荷土壤侵蚀时空分布

英文关键词: daily rainfall adsorbed phosphorus load soil erosion spatial-temporal distribution

基金项目:“十二五”国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2011BAD31B03);重庆市自然科学基金计划重点项目(CSTC,2011BA7021)

作者	单位
龙天渝	重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400045 重庆大学低碳绿色建筑国际联合研究中心, 重庆 400045
王海娟	重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400045
刘佳	重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400045 重庆大学低碳绿色建筑国际联合研究中心, 重庆 400045
刘敏	重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400045

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中文摘要:

降雨引起土壤流失和非点源污染的产生。依据三峡库区内部和周边23个气象站点的日降雨资料,采用日降雨量模型和Kriging插值法得到库区各季及各年降雨侵蚀力的空间分布,在此基础上,结合改进的通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE)和由地形指数形成的具有空间分布的入河系数,构建吸附态磷负荷的时空分布模型,并验证模型的合理性。应用所构建的模型,对三峡库区2001—2010年各季及年的吸附态磷负荷的空间分布进行模拟,结果表明吸附态磷负荷的季节性变化和空间变化都十分明显。季节性变化与降雨侵蚀力一致,夏季最大,冬季最小,春秋两季相差不大;在空间变化上,坡度较小、土地利用类型主要为林地、城乡工矿居民用地的夷陵、重庆和江津西南等地区负荷较低,而坡度较大、土地利用类型主要为水田、旱地和草地的巫溪、开县和秭归等地负荷较高。

英文摘要:

Rainfall leads to soil erosion and non-point source pollution. The spatial distributions of seasonal and annual rainfall erosivity in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area were obtained by using the daily rainfall model and Kriging interpolation method. A spatial-temporal distribution model of adsorbed phosphorus load was then developed in combination of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE) and the loss coefficient with spatial inhomogeneity based on topographic index, and its rationality was verified. Then, the model was used to simulate the spatial distributions of seasonal and annual adsorbed phosphorus load from 2001 to 2010 in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Adsorbed phosphorus load showed obvious seasonal and spatial variations. The seasonal variation was consistent with rainfall erosivity, with the maximum in summer, the minimum in winter, and little difference in both spring and autumn. Spatially, adsorbed phosphorus loads were lower in Yiling, Chongqing, and the southwest Jiangjin, where the slopes are smaller and land use types are mainly woodland and urban and rural residential land, whereas higher in Wuxi, Kaixian, and Zigui districts, where the slopes are larger and land types are mainly paddy field, dryland and grassland.

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