| 徐亚岩,柏育材,尹艳娥,平仙隐,王云龙.东海近海沉积物铜和锌的活性形态对潜在污染风险的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(3):546-555. |
| 东海近海沉积物铜和锌的活性形态对潜在污染风险的影响 |
| Labile Fractions and Potential Pollution Risk of Cu and Zn in Sediments in Coastal Waters of East China Sea |
| 投稿时间：2014-10-24 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2015.03.018 |
| 中文关键词: 铜 锌 形态 影响因素 沉积物 东海 |
| 英文关键词: copper zinc fraction environment factors sediments East China Sea |
| 基金项目:中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所)资助项目(2011T07);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201303047) |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 徐亚岩 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所, 农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室, 上海 200090 | | 柏育材 | 上海船舶运输科学研究所, 环境工程分所, 上海 200135 | | 尹艳娥 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所, 农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室, 上海 200090 | | 平仙隐 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所, 农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室, 上海 200090 | | 王云龙 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所, 农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室, 上海 200090 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 根据2011年8月对东海近海海域的调查,通过对沉积物分级萃取的实验方法,结合环境因子的分析,采用总量和分形态风险评价的手段,重点研究了沉积物中Cu和Zn的活性形态、影响因素和潜在污染风险。结果表明,沉积物中Cu和Zn在细粒度的南部外海泥质区富集,且Cu和Zn的含量与粒径明显负相关,和粘土、粉砂等细粒度含量强烈正相关,说明自然来源是控制Cu和Zn含量和分布的主要因素。Cu和Zn活性形态高值区在长江口和杭州湾近岸,Cu的优势活性形态是碳酸盐结合态,Zn碳酸盐结合态和铁锰氧化物结合态相差不大,是其活性形态的主要部分。水化学环境对各形态Cu和Zn没有明显影响,自然沉积环境是影响Cu和Zn活性形态和总量的主要因素。富集因子研究表明,富集因子Zn>Cu,Cu和Zn的富集高值区在南部外海。Cu富集因子小于1,属于陆源,受外界污染影响不大;Zn富集因子接近于1,属于轻度污染。从形态角度评价,Zn和Cu平均都属轻度污染,但各站位污染程度相差较大,长江口和杭州湾海域污染较重,Zn在C5(P=369.14%)甚至出现重度污染。综合评价得出,Cu和Zn在外海总量高、活性形态低,说明具有较高的本底值;在长江口和杭州湾海域容易受人为污染影响,存在相对较大的污染风险。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Sequential extractions were used to study the geochemical characteristics, influencing factors and potential pollution risks of Cu and Zn in sediments collected from the coastal waters of East China Sea in August 2011. Copper and Zn were mainly associated with fine particles of sediments in the southern area, and were significantly negatively correlated with particle sizes but positively with clay and silt contents, indicating that the natural source was a main factor controlling the contents and distributions of Cu and Zn. Higher labile fractions of Cu and Zn were observed at the Changjiang River estuary and Hangzhou Bay. The labile Cu was dominated by Cu fraction bound to carbonates, while the labile Zn was the fractions bound to carbonates and Fe/Mn-oxides. The natural sedimentary conditions had significant impacts on the labile and total contents of Cu and Zn, whereas hydrochemical conditions showed little influence on the labile fractions of Cu and Zn. The enrichment factor(EF) was Zn>Cu, with higher EF appeared in the southern area. The EF of Cu was less than 1, suggesting its terrestrial sources with little exterior inputs, while that of Zn was close to 1, indicating slight Zn pollution in the studied area. Based on their fractions, Zn and Cu were generally at slight pollution levels. However, the pollution degree was different among locations. Copper and Zn were more polluted in the Changjiang River estuary and Hangzhou Bay than in other sites, with heavy Zn pollution at C5(P=369.14%). In summary, Cu and Zn had higher total contents but lower labile fractions in the southern area, suggesting their high background values, whereas in the Changjiang River estuary and Hangzhou Bay Cu and Zn were greatly impacted by anthropogenic activities, thus having high potential pollution risks. |
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