| 刘晓梅,邹亚杰,胡清秀,杨小红,沈德龙.菌渣纤维素降解菌的筛选与鉴定[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(7):1384-1391. |
| 菌渣纤维素降解菌的筛选与鉴定 |
| Screening and Identification of Cellulose-Degrading Bacteria from Spent Substrate of Edible Mushroom |
| 投稿时间：2015-03-06 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2015.07.022 |
| 中文关键词: 菌渣 纤维素降解菌 筛选 16S rDNA序列 酶活力 复合菌剂 堆肥 |
| 英文关键词: spent substrate cellulose degrading microorganisms screening 16S rDNA sequence enzymatic activity complex bacteria compost |
| 基金项目:“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题“基于农牧废弃物-食用菌开发体系的农业生境过程控制”(2012BAD14B15-7);中国农业科学院科技创新工程 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 刘晓梅 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 农业部微生物肥料和食用菌菌种质量监督检验测试中心, 北京 100081 | | | 邹亚杰 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 农业部微生物肥料和食用菌菌种质量监督检验测试中心, 北京 100081 | | | 胡清秀 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 农业部微生物肥料和食用菌菌种质量监督检验测试中心, 北京 100081 | huqingxiu@caas.cn | | 杨小红 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 农业部微生物肥料和食用菌菌种质量监督检验测试中心, 北京 100081 | | | 沈德龙 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 农业部微生物肥料和食用菌菌种质量监督检验测试中心, 北京 100081 | shendelong@caas.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了寻找高效纤维素降解菌,提高菌渣堆肥微生物发酵效果,促进菌渣高效循环利用,从不同地点堆放的杏鲍菇菌渣中采集样品,利用羧甲基纤维素钠培养基分离纤维素降解菌,结合纤维素刚果红水解圈测定、滤纸条降解试验和纤维素酶(滤纸酶FPA、内切葡聚糖酶CMCase、外切葡聚糖酶C1、葡萄糖苷酶β-Gase)活性测定,筛选到4株(FB7、CB1、BC11、BC12)具有高效纤维素降解能力的细菌,经16S rDNA序列分析,鉴定FB7、CB1为枯草芽孢杆菌,BC11为链霉菌属Streptomyces albus,BC12是丛毛单胞菌属的Comamonas_jiangduensis,其中FB7降解能力强,可将滤纸条降解成糊状(10 d),纤维素酶活力很高,摇瓶发酵4 d后FPA、CMCase、C1酶、β-Gase的酶活分别为22.81、314.50、2.78、188.09 U·g-1。复合菌剂CB1+BC11+FB7的FPA、CMCase、C1酶、β-Gase的酶活高于其他各组合,为31.56、133.63、2.31、217.21 U·g-1,与FB7相比分别提高了38.4%、11.2%、178%、70.3%,将复合菌CB1+BC11+FB7接种到菌渣堆肥中,与对照相比,能快速提高堆体温度,且在翻堆后能更好地维持堆温。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The cellulose in spent substrate of edible mushroom is often a limiting factor of the spent substrate decomposition. This study was performed to isolate highly effective cellulose-degrading bacteria from spent substrate in order to improve the fermentation of spent substrate of edible mushroom. Samples were collected from spent substrates of Pleurotus eryngii at different stacking places. Four strains(FB7, CB1, BC11 and BC12) with high cellulose-degrading efficiencies were obtained based on the results of Congo red cellulose hydrolytic hole measurement, filter paper degradation test and cellulose activity assays(filter paper enzyme FPA, endoglucanase CMCase, exoglucanase C1 and glucosidase β-Gase), using CMC-Na as sole carbon source. 16S rDNA sequencing showed that the trains FB7 and CB1 were Bacillus subtilis, the strain BC11 was Streptomyces albus, and the strain BC12 was Comamonas_ jiangduensis. The strain FB7 with high filter paper degrading ability had high cellulose activities and degraded filter paper into paste within 10 days. The activities of four enzymes (FPA, CMCase, C1 and β-Gase) produced by the stain FB7 cultured for 4 days on a shaking incubator were 22.81 U·g-1, 314.50 U·g-1, 2.78 U·g-1 and 188.09 U·g-1, respectively. The FPA, CMCase, C1, and β-Gase activities of bacterial combination(CB1+BC11+FB7) were 31.56 U·g-1, 133.61 U·g-1, 2.31 U·g-1, and 217.21 U·g-1, increased by 38.4%, 11.2%, 178%, and 70.3%, respectively, compared with the strain FB7 alone. Inoculation of bacterial combination(CB1+BC11+FB7) to spent substrate compost increased the temperature of the compost quickly, with higher and lesser fluctuations than in the control. |
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