| 吴山,李彬,梁金明,彭四清,张天彬,唐超,梁文立,杨国义.汕头市蔬菜产区土壤-蔬菜中邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)污染分布特征研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(10):1889-1896. |
| 汕头市蔬菜产区土壤-蔬菜中邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)污染分布特征研究 |
| Distribution Characteristics of Phthalic Acid Esters in Soils and Vegetables in Vegetable Producing Areas of Shantou City, China |
| 投稿时间：2015-04-27 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2015.10.008 |
| 中文关键词: 邻苯二甲酸酯 土壤 蔬菜 污染分布 生物富集 |
| 英文关键词: phthalic acid esters(PAEs) soil vegetable pollution distribution bioaccumulation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(41301561);广东省科技计划项目(2013B030700003,2013B020700007);广东省科学院优秀青年科技人才基金项目(rcjj201302);中山市科技项目(2013A3FC0233) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 吴山 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所, 广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室, 广州 510650 | | | 李彬 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所, 广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室, 广州 510650 | | | 梁金明 | 中山市农业科技推广中心, 广东 中山 528400 | | | 彭四清 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所, 广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室, 广州 510650 | | | 张天彬 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所, 广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室, 广州 510650 | | | 唐超 | 山东能源淄博矿业集团陕西正通煤业有限公司, 陕西 咸阳 713699 | | | 梁文立 | 中山市农业科技推广中心, 广东 中山 528400 | | | 杨国义 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所, 广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室, 广州 510650 | gyyang@soil.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在广东省汕头市蔬菜产区共采集63个表层土壤样品和26个蔬菜样品,采用GC-FID检测方法分析了样品中被美国国家环保署(EPA)优先控制的6种邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)化合物含量,并对其污染分布、污染程度进行了评价.结果表明,汕头市蔬菜产区土壤样品中6种PAEs化合物总浓度(∑PAEs)范围为0.018~9.303 mg·kg-1,平均含量为0.721 mg·kg-1,检出率为100%,5个蔬菜产区土壤中∑PAEs的平均含量大小顺序依次为潮阳区>龙湖区>澄海区>潮南区>金平区,与美国土壤6种优控的PAEs控制标准相比,邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸丁基苄基酯(BBP)含量均超过控制标准,超标率分别为38.1%、6.3%、6.3%和3.2%.蔬菜样品中∑PAEs含量范围为0.454~19.193 mg·kg-1,平均含量7.158 mg·kg-1,不同产区内蔬菜中∑PAEs的平均含量顺序依次为潮阳区>澄海区>潮南区>金平区>龙湖区,潮阳区和潮南区蔬菜中DBP含量均高于美国和欧洲建议标准,存在健康风险.DBP在土壤-蔬菜样品中占∑PAEs总量的百分比较高,是汕头市PAEs污染物的主要组成部分;蔬菜-土壤中的∑PAEs、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯(DEHP)和邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯(DnOP)存在显著正相关性,Pearson相关系数(r)分别为0.7(P=0.016)、0.825(P=0.002)和0.813(P=0.002).不同蔬菜对土壤中6种PAEs化合物的富集能力存在明显差异,但对∑PAEs的富集系数均大于1.因此,在蔬菜产区土壤质量评价过程中,应重视蔬菜自身特性对PAEs吸收和富集的影响. |
| 英文摘要: |
| Pathalic acid easters(PAEs) are widely-used plasticizers and have become primary risk pollutants. In this study, 63 topsoil and 26 agricultural product samples were collected from vegetable producing areas of Shantou City, Guangdong Province, China, to investigate and assess the pollution level and distribution characteristics of PAEs in soils and vegetables. The content of total PAEs(∑PAEs) in soils ranged from 0.018 to 9.303 mg·kg-1 and averaged 0.721 mg·kg-1, with the detection rate of 100%. Average ∑PAEs in soils of Shantou City decreased in order of Chaoyang >Longhu >Denghai >Chaonan >Jinping. The content of dimethyl phthalate(DMP), diethyl phthalate(DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate(DBP) and butyl benzyl phthalate(BBP) in soils exceeded the U.S. EPA control limits of PAEs in American soil by 38.1%, 6.3%, 6.3% and 3.2%, respectively. The content of ∑PAEs in vegetables ranged from 0.454 to 19.193 mg·kg-1, with an average of 7.158 mg·kg-1. The pollution potential of PAEs in vegetables in Shantou City was in order of Chaoyang >Denghai >Chaonan >Jinping >Longhu. The DBP concentrations in vegetables in Chaoyang and Chaonan districts were higher than the standards suggested by USA and Europe, thus posing high health risk. DBP was the highest percentage of PAEs in both agricultural soils and vegetables in Shantou City, thus a main component of PAE pollution. The ∑PAEs, DEHP and di-n-octyl phthalate(DnOP) in vegetables revealed significantly positive correlation with those in soils, with Pearson coefficients(r) being 0.7(P=0.016), 0.825(P=0.002) and 0.813(P=0.002), respectively. Although the accumulation of single PAE compound was different among various vegetables, the ∑PAEs bioconcentration factors were above 1 for all vegetables investigated. Therefore, the accumulation characteristic of PAEs in vegetables should be fully considered when assessing the quality of vegetable soils. |
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