农业秸秆复合PAM对湖滨带土壤改良效果的研究

陈方鑫; 卢少勇; 冯传平

文章摘要

陈方鑫,卢少勇,冯传平.农业秸秆复合PAM对湖滨带土壤改良效果的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(4):711-718.

农业秸秆复合PAM对湖滨带土壤改良效果的研究

Improvements of soil in lakeside zones using combined crop straw and PAM

投稿时间：2015-11-15

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016.04.015

中文关键词: 秸秆聚丙烯酰胺(PAM) 湖滨带土壤团聚体土壤结构修复过程

英文关键词: straw polyacrylamide(PAM) lakeside zones soil aggregates soil structure repair process

基金项目:中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(2012-YSKY-14);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2013ZX07101-014,2012ZX07105-002);国家自然科学基金项目(41373027)

作者	单位	E-mail
陈方鑫	中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室湖泊环境研究中心国家环境保护洞庭湖科学观测研究站湖泊工程技术中心, 北京 100012 中国地质大学水资源与环境学院, 北京 100083
卢少勇	中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室湖泊环境研究中心国家环境保护洞庭湖科学观测研究站湖泊工程技术中心, 北京 100012	lushy2000@163.com
冯传平	中国地质大学水资源与环境学院, 北京 100083

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中文摘要:

为改善湖滨带土壤结构、肥力及水土保持状况,以太湖流域贡湖湾湿地湖滨带基底为对象,将农业秸秆和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)按一定比例配制作为改良材料,研究改良材料对湖滨带土壤物理结构、团聚体组成及土壤养分的影响,以期在探讨湖滨带土壤修复需求的同时,为农业秸秆在生态修复中的再生利用提供科技支撑,为农业秸秆处置提供新的途径。农业秸秆复合PAM材料不仅可以改善土壤养分,保证水生植物生长,同时能够改良土壤结构,防治水土流失。改良效果最好的配比为3 g·kg^-1秸秆与1 g·kg^-1 PAM,具体表现为:细粒物质含量提高,砂粒含量降低,容重减小14.92%,大团聚体含量提高42.81%,土壤由砂土和壤土向粘土转变;有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量分别提高42.70%、189.60%、31.80%和50.32%。研究发现,有机质和大团聚体状况决定湖滨带土壤稳定性好坏。秸秆提供的有机质降解为腐殖质,腐殖质有助于微团聚体粘聚为中粒径团聚体,而PAM的吸附架桥作用可将中粒径团聚体转化为大团聚体,从而显著改善土壤持土保肥能力。

英文摘要:

An indoor experiment was conducted to examine the improvements of soil in lakeside zone using combined crop straw and polyacrylamide(PAM). Soil nutrients and soil aggregate stability and their correlation under different ratios of straw and PAM were investigated. Applying combined straw and PAM not only increased soil nutrients, promoting plant growth, but also improved soil structure, controlling soil erosion. The best combination was 3 g·kg^-1 straw-1 g·kg^-1 PAM, which increased the content of large aggregates, organic matter, available N, and available P by 42.81%, 42.70%, 189.60%, 31.80% and 50.32%, respectively. Organic matter and large aggregates were the factors determining the stability of lakeside zone soil. The organic matter provided by straw transformed into humus, which helped form medium-aggregates by bonding micro-aggregates together. Visible PAM polymerized medium-aggregates(<2 mm) into >2 mm macro-aggregates by bridge and adsorption. The soil porosity and water-holding capacity were thus improved. The findings would shed light on utilization of agricultural residues in the ecological restoration.

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