| 王玉军,刘存,周东美,陈怀满.一种农田土壤重金属影响评价的新方法:土壤和农产品综合质量指数法[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(7):1225-1232. |
| 一种农田土壤重金属影响评价的新方法:土壤和农产品综合质量指数法 |
| A new approach for evaluating soil heavy metal impact: A comprehensive index combined soil environmental quality and agricultural products quality |
| 投稿时间：2016-06-24 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016.07.001 |
| 中文关键词: 重金属 土壤环境质量 农产品 评价方法 农田 |
| 英文关键词: heavy metals soil environmental quality agricultural products evaluation approach farmland |
| 基金项目:国家环保部公益性项目（20140941）；国家自然科学基金项目（41422105）；江苏省自然科学基金项目（BK20130050） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 现有的土壤重金属污染评价方法尚未将土壤和农产品元素含量紧密联系起来，其科学性和可靠性往往受到质疑。本文将农田土壤和农产品中重金属的含量有机地联系在一起，在污染评价中同时考虑了土壤环境质量标准、土壤元素背景值、农产品污染物限量标准和元素价态效应等，提出了适用于土壤重金属复合和单独影响的评价方法。主要步骤包括计算土壤相对影响当量（RIE）、土壤元素测定浓度偏离背景值程度（DDDB）、总体土壤标准偏离背景值程度（DDSB）、农产品品质指数（QIAP），然后在此基础上构建综合质量影响指数（IICQ），它为土壤综合质量影响指数（IICQS）和农产品综合质量指数（IICQAP）之和。同时，文中阐述了评价方法构建的依据和土壤环境质量状态描述与等级划分的建议，将在特定利用条件下的土壤环境质量状况划分为清洁（IICQ≤1）和污染两种状态。在污染中增加了亚污染的描述（土壤和农产品之一超标）；而亚污染和污染可根据综合质量指数划分等级，当1< IICQ≤2时为轻微污染，2< IICQ≤3时为轻度污染，3< IICQ≤5时为中度污染，IICQ跃5时为重度污染。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The current evaluation method of the effects of heavy metals in soil has not yet been closely linked to the element contents in soil and agricultural products, and its scientificity and reliability are often questioned. A new method was proposed in this paper incorporating simultaneously the contents of heavy metals in soil and agricultural products in the evaluation of the soil environmental quality standard, the soil element background values, the safety standard for maximum levels of contaminants in agricultural products, and the element valence effect. The method suitably applies to the influence evaluation of combined and/or separate soil heavy metal pollutions. The main steps of assessment procedures include the calculations of the relative impact equivalent, RIE; the deviation degree of the determined concentration from the background value, DDDB; the deviation degree of the soil environmental quality standard from the background value, DDSB; the quality index of agricultural products, QIAP; and then the influence index of comprehensive quality, ⅡCQ, was constructed on the basis of above values, which is the sum of ⅡCQS (the influence index of comprehensive quality of soil) and ⅡCQAp (the influence index of comprehensive quality of agricultural products). Furthermore, the principles and procedures of the evaluation method were established, and the soil environmental quality classifications based on the numerical index and description of soil environmental quality status were provided. The soil environmental quality for particular farmland uses was suggested to be divided into clean (ⅡCQ ≤ 1), slightly polluted (1<ⅡCQ ≤ 2), lightly polluted (2<ⅡCQ ≤ 3), moderately polluted (3<ⅡCQ ≤ 5), and heavily polluted (ⅡCQ>5), plus additional subgroups for pollution status with heavy metals exceeding standard only in soil or agricultural products. |
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