生物质内源矿物对热解过程及生物炭稳定性的影响

顾博文; 曹心德; 赵玲; 赵英豪

文章摘要

顾博文,曹心德,赵玲,赵英豪.生物质内源矿物对热解过程及生物炭稳定性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(3):591-597.

生物质内源矿物对热解过程及生物炭稳定性的影响

Influence of inherent minerals on biomass pyrolysis and carbon stability in biochar

投稿时间：2016-09-08

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016-1160

中文关键词: 生物质内源矿物热解碳保留催化效应碳稳定性

英文关键词: biomass inherent minerals pyrolysis carbon retention catalytic effect carbon stability

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（21577087）

作者	单位	E-mail
顾博文	上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 200240
曹心德	上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 200240
赵玲	上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 200240	wszhaoling@sjtu.edu.cn
赵英豪	上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 200240

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中文摘要:

选用花生壳和牛粪两种富碳生物质，通过酸洗去矿和外加典型矿物的方法，在热重分析仪中模拟热解过程，探讨矿物对热解行为的催化效应；通过元素分析计算碳保留；通过K₂Cr₂O₇化学氧化以及拉曼光谱考察矿物对生物炭稳定性的影响。结果表明：内源矿物对生物质热解中的分解温度有显著催化效应，将碳骨架的主体分解温度从250～400℃降低到200～350℃；花生壳中典型矿物为KCl，牛粪中为CaCl₂；矿物CaCl₂对牛粪的分解催化效应比KCl对花生壳的催化效应更显著。生物质去矿后，热解过程中碳保留率并未发生显著变化，但生物炭产物中碳稳定性提高。K₂Cr₂O₇氧化实验表明，去矿花生壳和去矿牛粪制备的生物炭碳稳定性比原始生物质制备的生物炭分别增加了52.7%和30.6%；通过拉曼光谱观察碳结构，发现生物质去矿后制备的生物炭有序化增强（I_D/I_G减小），说明矿物质使生物炭更易产生晶格缺陷，对产物稳定性有负面作用。因此，生物质内源矿物的存在，在热解时催化碳分解，使得生物炭碳结构更无序化，降低产物稳定性，但对过程中碳保留率的影响不显著。

英文摘要:

In this study, two common biomass residues, peanut shell and cow manure were selected to investigate these influences. The experiments were conducted including removing the inherent minerals through acid washing for biochar formation, adding typical minerals into demineralized biomass for biochar generation, and the resulted bichars were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, elemental analysis, chemical oxidation, and Raman spectroscopy. Results show that the main inherent mineral in peanut shell and cow manure biomasses was KCl and CaCl₂, respectively and they had a significant catalytic effect on the biomass pyrolysis by decreasing the decomposition temperature of carbon from 250~400℃ to 200~350℃. CaCl₂ showed a larger catalytic effect on the biomass pyrolysis than KCl. No obvious changes were observed on carbon retention(%) during biomass pyrolysis with mineral removal or addition, while in the absence of mineral the stability of peanut shell and cow manure biochar was increased by 52.7% and 30.6%, respectively, indicated by oxidation of K₂Cr₂O₇. Minerals promoted the lack of lattice in biochar(increased I_D/I_G), resulting in the reduced carbon stability. Overall, inherent minerals in biomass had catalytic effect on the decomposition of carbon skeleton during pyrolysis, and they made the carbon structure disordering, reducing the stability of its carbon.

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