| 刘红梅,张海芳,皇甫超河,李洁,周广帆,杨殿林.长期氮添加对贝加尔针茅草原土壤微生物群落多样性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(4):709-717. |
| 长期氮添加对贝加尔针茅草原土壤微生物群落多样性的影响 |
| Effects of different long-term nitrogen addition on soil microbial diversity of Stipa baicalensis steppe in Inner Mongolia, China |
| 投稿时间：2016-09-30 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016-1267 |
| 中文关键词: 贝加尔针茅草原 氮添加 土壤微生物生物量 土壤微生物多样性 |
| 英文关键词: Stipa baicalensis steppe nitrogen addition soil microbial biomass soil microbial diversity |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31170435） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2388 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以贝加尔针茅草原不同土层土壤为研究对象，开展了连续6年的氮添加野外控制试验，8个氮素添加处理分别为N0（0 kg N·hm-2）、N15（15 kg N·hm-2）、N30（30 kg N·hm-2）、N50（50 kg N·hm-2）、N100（100 kg N·hm-2）、N150（150 kg N·hm-2）、N200（200 kg N·hm-2）、N300（300 kg N·hm-2），采用氯仿熏蒸提取法和Biolog生态板法，分析了不同氮添加量下草原土壤微生物生物量碳、氮及微生物群落功能多样性的变化规律。结果表明，长期添加无机氮素，土壤微生物生物量碳降低；高氮添加（N100、N150、N200、N300）提高了微生物生物量氮，显著降低了微生物熵。培养96 h时，生态板的平均颜色变化率（AWCD）在0~10 cm土层大小顺序依次为N50 > N30 > N100 > N15 > N0 > N200 > N150 > N300。相同氮添加量下，不同深度土层土壤微生物生物量碳、氮和AWCD值总体表现为0~10 cm土层高于10~20 cm土层。0~10 cm土层，高氮添加（N100、N150、N200、N300）下，土壤微生物群落功能多样性指数H低于或显著低于对照（N0），均匀度指数E高于或显著高于对照，各处理间优势度指数D差异不明显。主成分分析结果表明，高氮处理、低氮处理及无氮添加下土壤微生物对碳源利用能力存在较大差异。土壤pH、有机碳、全氮、全磷、微生物生物量氮、微生物熵、微生物量碳氮比、硝态氮与土壤微生物群落功能多样性密切相关，100 kg N·hm-2氮添加量是土壤微生物活性从促进到抑制的一个阈值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To reveal the responses of soil microbial biomass carbon, soil microbial nitrogen and functional diversity of soil microbe to long term nitrogen additions in Stipa baicalensis steppe, chloroform fumigation extraction method and Biolog Ecoplate were used to study the changes in soil microbial diversity under different N treatments, including N0(0 kg N·hm-2), N15(15 kg N·hm-2), N30(30 kg N·hm-2), N50(50 kg N·hm-2), N100(100 kg N·hm-2), N150(150 kg N·hm-2), N200(200 kg N·hm-2), N300(300 kg N·hm-2). Soil samples were separately collected from the 0~10 cm and 10~20 cm soil layer. The results showed that long-term applications of inorganic nitrogen reduced the soil microbial biomass carbon, while higher nitrogen treatments enhanced the microbial biomass nitrogen, thus significantly reduced the microbial quotient. The AWCD values of the soil microbial communities in 0~10 cm soil layer varied as follows:N50 > N30 > N100 > N15 > N0 > N200 > N150 > N300. Within same nitrogen treatment, soil microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen and the overall trend AWCD value in 0~10 cm soil layer was higher than those in 10~20 one. At 0~10 cm soil layer, higher nitrogen treatments(N100,N150, N200, N300) reduced the Shannon index and increased the evenness index, but not for dominance index. Principal component analysis showed that there were very significant differences between higher nitrogen treatments and lower nitrogen treatments and the control in the carbon utilization ability of soil microbial community. Soil parameters, including pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, microbial biomass N, microbial quotient, microbial biomass C/N and nitrate nitrogen, had close relationships with microbial functional diversity. Moreover, 100 kg N·hm-2 was the threshold with which the effect on microbial activity shift from stimulation to inhibition after long-term nitrogen addition in the study area. |
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