| 黄东风,王利民,李卫华,邱孝煊,罗涛.含铝钝化剂对蔬菜-土壤系统Cd和Pb的钝化效果[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(9):1796-1803. |
| 含铝钝化剂对蔬菜-土壤系统Cd和Pb的钝化效果 |
| Passivating effects of applying heavy metal passivation agents containing zero-valent aluminum on cadmium(Cd) and plumbum(Pb) in vegetable-soil system |
| 投稿时间：2017-01-05 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2017-0025 |
| 中文关键词: 还原铝粉 重金属钝化剂 蔬菜-土壤系统 镉 铅 钝化 |
| 英文关键词: deoxidized aluminum powder heavy metal passivating agent vegetable-soil system cadmium(Cd) plumbum(Pb) passivation |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目（2015BAD05B01-05）；福建省属公益类基本科研专项（2017R1022-1，2014R1022-7） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解含铝钝化剂对土壤重金属的钝化效果，采用土培盆栽试验方法，以还原铝粉、硫磺、氢氧化钙为主要原料，按一定质量比例制备成含铝复合重金属钝化剂产品，研究了施用几种含铝重金属钝化剂对蔬菜产量、重金属Cd和Pb含量及其土壤重金属Cd和Pb形态含量的影响，结果表明：在污染土壤常规施用化肥处理（PS+CF）的基础上，添施几种含铝的复合重金属钝化剂处理（PS+CF+Al1、PS+CF+Al2、PS+CF+Al3和PS+CF+Al4）均可在一定程度上提高蔬菜的生物产量、降低蔬菜重金属Cd和Pb含量，并提高蔬菜收获后土壤pH值、减少土壤有效态Cd和Pb的含量。其中，PS+CF+Al4处理效果相对最佳，可比PS+CF处理提高蔬菜的生物产量32.48%，降低菜体重金属Cd含量71.95%~74.69%、Pb含量63.36%~74.69%，提高土壤pH值28.72%，减少土壤中有效态Cd含量12.50%、Pb含量32.42%；X射线衍射分析结果显示，PS+CF+Al4处理蔬菜收获后土壤的Cd和Pb主要以Cd3（PO4）2、Pb（PO2）2、Pb2（P4O12）、Pb3O2SO4等几种难溶性化合物形态存在，这进一步佐证了该复合重金属钝化剂的钝化效果。因此，含铝复合重金属钝化剂4（硫磺、还原铝粉和氢氧化钙按质量分数比2：15：100均匀混合而成）对蔬菜-土壤系统的Cd、Pb具有明显的钝化效果。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| With zero-valent aluminum, sulfur, and calcium hydroxide as the main raw materials, a few heavy metal passivating agents have been made according to a certain weight proportion of these materials. A soil-pot trial was also conducted to investigate the effects of using these heavy metal passivating agents on the vegetable yield, contents of cadmium and plumbum in vegetables, and their available contents in soils. The results of "Pollution soil + chemical fertilizer"(i.e., treatment of "PS+CF") showed that the use of passivating agents would increase the vegetable yield and decrease the contents of Cd and Pb in vegetables, enhance the soil pH, but reduce the available contents of Cd and Pb in soils to a certain extent(i.e., treatment of "PS+CF+Al1", "PS+CF+Al2", "PS+CF+Al3", and "PS+CF+Al4"). Among them, the effects of the "PS+CF+Al4" treatment were comparatively the best; it could increase the vegetable yield by 32.48%, decrease the contents of Cd and Pb in vegetables by 71.95%~74.69% and 63.36%~74.69%, respectively, and enhance the soil pH by 28.72%, but reduce the available contents of Cd and Pb in soils by 12.50% and 32.42%, respectively. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that Cd and Pb in the "PS+CF+Al4" soils mainly exist as Cd3(PO4)2, Pb(PO2)2, Pb2(P4O12), Pb3O2SO4, and other insoluble forms. This is further evidence of the passivation effect of the composite passivation agent. Therefore, heavy metal passivating agents containing zero-valent aluminum(i.e., Al4) has an obvious passivation effect on Cd and Pb in the vegetable-soil system. |
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