| 李立波,任晓冬,窦森.固态发酵中2种微生物降解玉米秸秆效果的对比研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(10):2136-2142. |
| 固态发酵中2种微生物降解玉米秸秆效果的对比研究 |
| Comparative study of the degradation efficiency of 2 types of microorganisms on the degradation of corn stalks in solid-state fermentation |
| 投稿时间：2017-03-10 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2017-0336 |
| 中文关键词: 固态发酵 玉米秸秆 哈茨木霉 枯草芽孢杆菌 |
| 英文关键词: solid-state fermentation corn stalks Trichoderma harzianum Bacillus subtilis |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41571231）；国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0200304）；吉林省秸秆综合利用平台项目（2014C-1） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究哈茨木霉（Trichoderma harzianum）和枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）这2种菌株在固态发酵条件下降解玉米秸秆的效果，通过25 d的室内发酵培养试验对固态发酵中添加哈茨木霉和枯草芽孢杆菌后玉米秸秆的有机碳、纤维素、木质素、纤维素酶活、木聚糖酶活以及β-葡萄糖苷酶活变化进行对比研究。结果表明：发酵第10~16 d时，哈茨木霉和枯草芽孢杆菌处理的玉米秸秆分解速率、纤维素酶活、木聚糖酶活和β-葡萄糖苷酶活均达到最高，发酵25 d后，2种微生物处理的玉米秸秆分别累积降解了21.79%和20.12%，说明两者的降解效果差异不大；与枯草芽孢杆菌处理相比，哈茨木霉处理的秸秆剩余量、有机碳含量、剩余秸秆有机碳总量分别降低了1.67%、0.26%和1.80%，秸秆纤维素降解率、秸秆木质素降解率、纤维素酶活、木聚糖酶活和β-葡萄糖苷酶活分别升高了6.99%、6.54%、0.7 FPU·mL-1、0.04 IU·mL-1和9.26 IU·mL-1，说明添加哈茨木霉和枯草芽孢杆菌均可以降解秸秆，但两者对玉米秸秆的降解效果差异不明显。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The efficiency of Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis to organic carbon, cellulose, lignin content, cellulase activity, xylanase activity and β-glucosidase activity in the process of solid-state fermentation were studied and compared to discuss the efficiency of different microorganisms on the degradation of corn stalk under the solid-state fermentation during 25 days. The research result showed that the decomposition rate of corn stalk, cellulase activity, xylanase activity and β-glucosidase activity of Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis were the highest at 10 to 16 days of fermentation. After 25 days of fermentation, Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis corn stalk was degraded by 21.79% and 20.12%. The results showed that the degradation effect of Trichoderma harzianum on corn stalks was not significantly different from that of Bacillus subtilis;the residual amount of straw, straw total organic carbon content and residual straw organic carbon were reduced by 1.67%, 0.26% and 1.80%, compared with Bacillus subtilis treatment, respectively. The cumulative degradation of cellulose, lignin, the cellulase activity, xylanase activity and β-glucosidase activity were increased by 6.99%, 6.54%, 0.7 FPU·mL-1, 0.04 IU·mL-1 and 9.26 IU·mL-1, respectively. The results indicated that corn stalks can be degraded by Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis, the degradation efficiency of Trichoderma harzianum on corn stalks was not significantly different from that of Bacillus subtilis. |
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