| 隗黎丽,刘毅,王自蕊,阮记明,周颖,熊六凤,钟其旺.MC-LR急性胁迫对草鱼脾脏、头肾显微结构及BAFF和APRIL基因表达的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(12):2379-2387. |
| MC-LR急性胁迫对草鱼脾脏、头肾显微结构及BAFF和APRIL基因表达的影响 |
| Acute effects of microcystin-LR on the microstructure of spleen and head kidney and the expression of BAFF and APRIL genes in grass carp |
| 投稿时间：2017-05-28 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2017-0764 |
| 中文关键词: 微囊藻毒素-LR 草鱼 脾脏 头肾 组织病理 BAFF APRIL |
| 英文关键词: microcystin-LR grass carp spleen head kidney histopathology BAFF APRIL |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31460146，31260643，31760764） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨微囊藻毒素-LR（microcystin-LR，MC-LR）对鱼类的免疫毒性，采用急性毒性实验方法，分别对草鱼经腹腔注射不同剂量的MC-LR并于24、48、72 h和96 h后取免疫器官脾脏和头肾进行组织显微结构分析。结果显示，随着MC-LR剂量的增加和时间的延长，脾脏组织呈现出细胞空泡化并伴随着黑色素巨噬细胞先增多后减少的现象，尤其在75 μg MC-LR·kg-1 BW和100 μg MC-LR·kg-1 BW剂量组染毒48 h后，黑色素巨噬细胞中心体积显著增大；头肾组织显微结构变化主要表现为血窦、血管扩张，在75 μg MC-LR·kg-1 BW和100 μg MC-LR·kg-1 BW剂量组中的草鱼染毒72 h和96 h后，淋巴组织松散、排列混乱，淋巴细胞空泡化甚至细胞裂解。此外，采用荧光定量PCR分析了草鱼经不同剂量MC-LR处理96 h后脾脏和头肾中BAFF和APRIL基因表达的变化。结果显示BAFF和APRIL的表达均被不同程度地抑制，其中脾脏组织中BAFF基因在75 μg MC-LR·kg-1 BW剂量组中被显著抑制（P<0.05），头肾组织BAFF基因在75、100 μg MC-LR·kg-1 BW剂量组中均被显著抑制（P<0.05），而APRIL除了在25 μg MC-LR·kg-1 BW剂量组的脾脏组织中表达下调不显著外，在其他处理组均被显著抑制（P<0.05）。以上研究结果表明，MC-LR可导致草鱼免疫器官一系列的病理变化，并有时间和剂量效应，此外，MC-LR还可抑制B淋巴细胞分裂相关基因的表达。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to investigate the immunotoxicity of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in grass carp, an acute toxicity test was used. The grass carp individuals were injected intraperitoneally with different doses of MC-LR, and the histopathologies of their spleens and head kidneys were evaluated after 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. The results showed that cell vacuolization occurred and the number of melano-macrophages first increased and then decreased, especially in the 75-and 100-μg MC-LR·kg-1 groups at 48 h, and the volume of melano-macrophage center was significantly increased. The sinusoid broadening, lymphocyte disordering, and angiectasis were mainly observed in the head kidney. In the 75-and 100-μg MC-LR·kg-1 groups, the lymphoid tissues were loosely and disorderly arranged, showing the vacuolization and even dissolution of some lymphocytes. Furthermore, a quantitative RT-PCR was applied to detect the expression of the BAFF and APRIL genes in the spleen and head kidney of the grass carp individuals exposed to MC-LR for 96 h. The expressions of both BAFF and APRIL genes were downregulated to different extents. The BAFF gene was significantly inhibited in the spleen of the 75-μg MC-LR·kg-1 group individuals (P<0.05), and it was significantly inhibited in the head kidney of the 75-and 100-μg MC-LR·kg-1 group individuals. Moreover, the APRIL gene was significantly inhibited in the spleen and head kidney of all groups, except for the spleen of the 25-μg MC-LR·kg-1 group individuals (P<0.05). This study suggested that MC-LR could damage the immune organs and inhibit the genes related to B-lymphocyte proliferation in a time-and dose-dependent manner. The above-mentioned histological damage and gene expression changes indicate that MC-LR reduces the immune function of fish. |
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