| 李嘉康,宋雪英,魏建兵,郭畔,李玉双.沈北新区土壤中多环芳烃潜在风险评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(12):2462-2470. |
| 沈北新区土壤中多环芳烃潜在风险评价 |
| Potential risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils of Shenyang North New Area, China |
| 投稿时间：2017-05-18 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2017-0725 |
| 中文关键词: 沈北新区 多环芳烃 生态风险评价 健康风险评价 |
| 英文关键词: Shenyang North New Area PAHs ecological risk assessment health risk assessment |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（21377139，41571092，21307084）；沈阳市科学事业费竞争性选择项目；辽宁省教育厅高校杰出青年学者成长计划项目（LJQ2013121） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为对区域土壤环境质量和人体健康风险评价提供数据支持，采用均匀网格布点法在沈阳市沈北新区采集了不同利用类型的表层（0~20 cm）土壤样品101个，利用超声提取-硅胶柱净化-高效液相色谱检测的方法分析了土壤中美国环保局优先控制的16种多环芳烃（PAHs）的含量，并对土壤中PAHs潜在的生态风险和健康风险进行了评价。结果表明，沈北新区表土中PAHs总量为123.7~932.5 μg·kg-1，与荷兰土壤质量标准相比，城区绿地部分点位PAHs含量超标严重，最高达10倍以上。内梅罗综合污染指数分析结果显示，研究区有23.8%的样点达到重度污染级别，空间分布呈现由南向北逐渐递减的显著特征；基于毒性当量因子风险评价法的生态风险评价结果显示，PAHs毒性当量范围为1.39~96.41 μg·kg-1，平均值为（17.96±；6.59） μg·kg-1，整体潜在生态风险较低。对研究区人群分别进行非致癌和致癌风险分析，结果显示：研究区土壤中PAHs不会对儿童和成人产生明显的非致癌风险；土壤PAHs的致癌风险均低于10-6，经口直接摄入PAHs是致癌风险最高的暴露途径，且致癌风险较高的区域集中于城区绿地。研究区土壤整体生态风险较低，健康风险较高区域主要集中于人类活动频繁的城区绿地等，建议采取相应管理措施避免人体直接接触该区域土壤。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Soil samples were collected from 0~20 cm depth (n=101) in 5 land use types in Shenyang North New Area (SNNA), Shenyang, China via a uniform grid layout method. Pollution characteristics, ecological risk, and the health risk of the 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil listed by the Environmental Protection Agency of the United States were measured. Total concentration of the 16 PAHs (TPAHs) in soils of SNNA ranged from 123.7 μg·kg-1 to 932.5 μg·kg-1. Average concentrations of TPAHs in different land use types decreased in the order of urban green land > artificial forest land > community vegetable land > maize land > paddy land. The TPAHs in the green land was the highest, and was over 10 times the relative soil quality standard in the Netherlands. According to Nemerow's Pollution Index, 23.8% of the sampling sites were heavily contaminated with PAHs, and concentrations decreased significantly from south to north. Toxic equivalents of PAHs in SNNA ranged from 1.39 μg·kg-1 to 96.41 μg·kg-1, with a mean value of 17.96 (±6.59) μg·kg-1. Therefore, the overall potential ecological risk was low. PAHs in the soil of SNNA did not pose significant non-carcinogenic risks to children or adults by non-carcinogenic or carcinogenic risk assessments. Cancer risk models showed that the risk of carcinogenic PAHs in SNNA was <10-6, and ingestion had the highest carcinogenic risk for humans. Urban green land soils had the highest carcinogenic risk. This information is important to develop best management practices to reduce the influence of polluted soil on human health. |
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