| 王蕊,朱珂,李刚,王晶,李冰,修伟明,刘惠芬,赵建宁,杨殿林.东北丘陵区林地、耕地和草地土壤真菌群落代谢特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(9):1925-1932. |
| 东北丘陵区林地、耕地和草地土壤真菌群落代谢特征 |
| Metabolic characteristics of responses of soil fungi to land-use changes in the hilly regions of northeast China |
| 投稿时间：2017-11-29 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2017-1640 |
| 中文关键词: 丘陵区 土地利用方式 真菌群落 代谢特征 Biolog FF |
| 英文关键词: hilly region land-use type fungal community metabolic characteristics Biolog FF |
| 基金项目:转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项（2015ZX08013002-004）；公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201503121-04）；国家自然科学基金项目（31200424） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王蕊 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
天津农学院农学与资源环境学院, 天津 300384 | | | 朱珂 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
天津农学院农学与资源环境学院, 天津 300384 | | | 李刚 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | ligang06@caas.cn | | 王晶 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
天津农学院农学与资源环境学院, 天津 300384 | | | 李冰 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
天津农学院农学与资源环境学院, 天津 300384 | | | 修伟明 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | | | 刘惠芬 | 天津农学院农学与资源环境学院, 天津 300384 | paula913@126.com | | 赵建宁 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | | | 杨殿林 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以东北丘陵区的林地、耕地和草地为研究对象，采用Biolog FF微平板技术对这三种土地利用方式的土壤真菌代谢特征进行研究，以期为东北丘陵区的生态重建提供科学依据。结果表明：耕地土壤真菌的平均颜色变化率（Average well colordevelopment，AWCD）低于林地，但差异不显著，而草地土壤真菌的AWCD显著高于耕地和林地；4种多样性指数均表现出与AWCD一致的变化规律，即草地 > 林地 > 耕地。林地、耕地和草地的Shannon指数（H'）间差异显著，Simpson指数（D）的分析结果与Shannon指数（H'）相同，草地的McIntosh指数（U）和丰富度指数（S）同样显著高于林地和耕地，但林地与耕地间无显著差异。耕地土壤真菌对碳源的总利用强度比林地低16.9%，但差异不显著，而草地土壤真菌对碳源的总利用强度比林地高48.6%，且差异显著。与林地相比，草地土壤真菌对糖类、羧酸类、其他类、氨基酸类碳源的利用能力显著升高；耕地土壤真菌对聚合物类碳源的利用能力显著提高，而对其他5种碳源的利用能力有所降低，但均无显著差异。3种土地利用方式土壤真菌对6类碳源的相对利用率以羧酸类、糖类和氨基酸类最高，分别为29.87%~35.77%、22.27%~23.79%和18.24%~19.30%。土壤真菌对碳源利用的偏好因不同土地利用方式而改变。主成分分析表明，不同土地利用方式明显改变了土壤真菌群落对底物碳源的代谢特征。冗余分析表明土壤总氮、含水量、有机质、pH、速效磷和硝态氮是驱动真菌群落代谢特征变化的关键因子。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, forests, arable lands, and meadows in the hilly regions of Northeastern China were selected as research fields. The Biolog FF micro-plate technique was used to study the metabolic characteristics of soil fungi in these three different land-use types, in order to provide a scientific basis for ecological restoration in the Northeastern hilly areas. The results showed that compared to the forests, the soil fungi in the arable lands had higher average well color development (AWCD) without significant differences, but the AWCD of the meadow fungi was significantly higher than the fungi growing in forests and arable lands. The four diversity indices showed similarities with the AWCD, and were in the order:meadows > forests > arable lands. Significant differences were found among the Shannon indices (H') of the forests, arable lands, and meadows; the results of Simpson index (D) analyses was the same as the Shannon index. The McIntosh index (U) and the richness index (S) of meadows were significantly higher than those of the forests and arable lands, but no significant differences were found between forests and arable lands. Biolog FF plate analysis indicated that arable lands reduced the total carbon utilization intensity of the soil fungi by 16.9% compared to the forests, the difference, however, was not significant; the meadows significantly increased the total carbon utilization intensity of the soil fungi by 48.6% compared to the forests, and the difference was significant. Compared to forests, the meadows significantly enhanced the capacity of the soil fungi for utilizing the carbon in carbohydrates, carboxylic acids, others, and amino acids; the arable lands significantly enhanced the capacity of the soil fungi for utilizing the carbon in polymers, while reducing the utilization from the other five carbon sources, with no significant differences. Among the six categories of carbon sources, carboxylic acids, carbohydrates, and amino acids had much higher relative carbon utilization rates than the other sources, reaching values of 29.87%~35.77%, 22.27%~23.79%, and 18.24%~19.30%, respectively. The preferences of soil fungi for utilization of carbon sources changed due to differences in land-use types. Principal component analysis demonstrated that the different land-use types obviously affected the metabolic characteristics of the substrate carbon sources of the soil fungi. Redundancy analysis indicated that the total nitrogen, water content, organic matter, pH, available phosphorus, and nitrate nitrogen of the soil were the key factors driving the change in the metabolic characteristics of the fungal community. |
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