| 王金霞,罗乐,陈玉成,何清明,詹玲玲.三峡库区库尾典型农用地土壤重金属污染特征及潜在风险[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(12):2711-2717. |
| 三峡库区库尾典型农用地土壤重金属污染特征及潜在风险 |
| The characteristics and potential risk of heavy metals pollution in farmland soil of an agricultural land in the Three Gorges Reservoir area |
| 投稿时间：2018-06-30 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2018-0844 |
| 中文关键词: 三峡库区 农用地 重金属 内梅罗污染指数法 潜在生态危害指数法 风险评价 |
| 英文关键词: Three Gorges Reservoir area farmland soil heavy metals Nemerow pollution index method potential ecological risk index risk assessment |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0801004）；重庆市教委科学技术研究项目（KJ1503302）；江苏省高校自然科学研究面上项目（15KJD610005） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1932 |
| 全文下载次数: 1530 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解三峡库区农用地重金属污染特征及潜在风险，在研究区范围内布设网格，共采集土壤样品82个，对农用地土壤重金属As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn的污染水平进行分析，结合单因子污染指数法、内梅罗污染指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对研究区污染状况和潜在生态风险进行评价，并对研究区农用地进行安全利用分区。结果表明：除As、Hg、Ni外，其余5种重金属质量分数平均值均高于三峡库区农业土壤背景值，其中，12.20%的采样点Cu含量超过《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准（试行）》筛选值。内梅罗污染指数值PN依次为Cu（1.01） > Cr（0.81） > Cd（0.62） > Zn（0.52） > Pb（0.45） > Ni（0.32） > As（0.29） > Hg（0.09），Cu污染等级为轻污染，Cr污染等级为警戒级，其余6种重金属为安全级。单项潜在生态风险指数Eri均值依次为Hg（41.33） > Cd（36.71） > As（12.20） > Cu（6.54） > Pb（5.32） > Ni（4.72） > Cr（2.42） > Zn（1.14），其中Hg单项潜在生态风险指数Eri值大于40，属于中等风险等级，其余重金属均为低风险等级。研究区综合潜在生态危害指数RI范围为68.57~143.57，平均值为110.37，综合潜在生态风险处于低风险等级，但有7.31%的土壤样品RI值大于135，处于中等风险等级。研究区农用地土壤79.53%的面积属于安全利用区，15.97%的面积属于基本安全利用区，4.50%的面积属于低风险监控区。现阶段该研究区个别地区农用地土壤虽受到Cu的污染，但是该研究区土壤整体水平为安全级，符合农产品生产土壤环境质量标准。土壤重金属综合潜在生态危害处于低风险水平，潜在生态危害主要来自于Hg和Cd。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to understand the characteristics and potential risks of heavy metal pollution in the agricultural activity areas of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, grids were placed within the study area and the center of each grid was chosen as a soil sampling point. Soil samples were collected at a distance from the soil surface, and a total of 82 soil samples were collected. Subsequently, the pollution levels of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in farmland soils were analyzed. In conjunction with the single factor pollution index, the Nemerow pollution index method, and the potential ecological risk index, the status of pollution and potential ecological risks in the study area were evaluated. The results showed that except for As, Hg, and Ni, the average values of the mass fractions of the other six heavy metals were all higher than their background values in the agricultural soil of the Three Gorges Reservoir area by 1.43~2.54 fold, thereby indicating the presence of different degrees of heavy metals accumulation of Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn in the soil of the study area. In particular, the content at 12.20% of Cu sampling points exceeded the risk screening values for soil contamination of agricultural land in the Environmental Quality Standard for Soil. The PN values of the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index were Cu (1.01) > Cr (0.81) > Cd (0.62) > Zn (0.52) > Pb (0.45) > Ni (0.32) > As (0.29) > Hg (0.09), thereby indicating that the pollution level of Cu was light pollution, the pollution level of Cr was warning level, and that of the remaining six heavy metals was safety level. Nevertheless, in terms of the single potential ecological risk index (Eri), the average values were Hg (41.33) > Cd (36.71) > As (12.20) > Cu (6.54) > Pb (5.32) > Ni (4.72) > Cr (2.42) > Zn (1.14). Among them, the Eri value of Hg was above 40 and its risk level was medium, while the risk levels of other heavy metals were all low. In the study area, the comprehensive potential ecological risk index (RI) ranged from 68.57 to 143.57, with an average of 110.37. The comprehensive potential ecological risk level was low, but the RI values of 7.13% of soil samples were greater than 135 and were at a medium risk level. In summary, although the farmland soil in certain regions of the study area was contaminated by Cu at this stage, the overall risk of the soil in the study area was at a safe level and was in line with the Environmental Quality Standard for Soil for the production of agricultural products. The comprehensive potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the soil was low, and the potential ecological hazards mainly came from Hg and Cd. |
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