| 陈义轩,宋婷婷,方明,于志国,李洁,赖欣,张贵龙.四种生物炭对潮土土壤微生物群落结构的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(2):394-404. |
| 四种生物炭对潮土土壤微生物群落结构的影响 |
| The effect of four biochar on the structure of microbial communities in alluvial soil |
| 投稿时间：2018-07-26 修订日期：2018-11-13 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2018-0966 |
| 中文关键词: 生物炭 潮土 微生物群落 |
| 英文关键词: biochar alluvial soil microbial community |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41571292）；中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项（2017-aepi，2018-aepi）；农业部引进国际先进农业科学技术项目（2015-Z7） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 陈义轩 | 沈阳农业大学植物保护学院, 沈阳 110866
农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | | | 宋婷婷 | 沈阳农业大学植物保护学院, 沈阳 110866
农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | | | 方明 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | | | 于志国 | 沈阳农业大学植物保护学院, 沈阳 110866 | | | 李洁 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | lijie@caas.cn | | 赖欣 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | laixin@aepi.org.cn | | 张贵龙 | 沈阳农业大学植物保护学院, 沈阳 110866
农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | zgl_2008@126.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究生物炭对土壤微生物群落结构的影响，以花生壳生物炭（PBC）、玉米秆生物炭（MBC）、杨木屑生物炭（ABC）和竹屑生物炭（BBC）为试验材料，每种生物炭分别以0、20.0、40.0、80.0、160.0 g·kg-1的浓度添加到供试潮土中，经过45 d的室内培养后用磷脂脂肪酸（PLFAs）法分析土壤中微生物群落结构。研究结果表明：施用PBC、MBC和ABC对土壤总微生物总量、土壤细菌量有促进作用，但其增加幅度随生物炭浓度的升高呈现降低趋势，而添加BBC则会显著降低土壤微生物总量、土壤细菌量；PBC、MBC、ABC和BBC对土壤真菌细菌比有显著的促进作用；适量添加生物炭（20.0、40.0、80.0 g·kg-1）会增加真菌量，但大量（160 g·kg-1）添加PBC、BBC会显著降低真菌量。施入生物炭后，生物炭自身特殊理化性质和土壤理化性质如酸碱度、土壤电导率、比表面积、孔径等的变化是导致土壤微生物群落变化的主要原因；适量施加ABC、PBC相比于BBC、MBC更有利于潮土土壤微生物群落结构的发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This project was carried out in an effort to investigate how biochar affects soil microbial community structures using peanut shell biochar (PBC), maize straw biochar (MBC), aspen biochar (ABC)and bamboo biochar (BBC)applied as a soil amendment to alluvial soil. The amounts of biochar added for each treatment were 0, 20, 40, 80 g·kg-1 and 160 g·kg-1 respectively. After 45 days of incubation, we analyzed and classified microorganisms using the PLFA method and found that the total amount of microorganisms and bacteria increased, but there was a slowing trend in the growth rate, with the addition of PBC, MBC, and ABC. BBC reduced the total amount of microorganisms and bacteria in the soil. All biochar treatments increased the fungi-to-bacteria ratios. While fungi were proved to flourish with the addition of biochar at levels of 20, 40 g·kg-1 and 80 g·kg-1, excessive addition (160 g·kg-1)of PBC and BBC significantly reduced the amount of fungi in the system. The main reasons for the change of the microorganism structures with biochar addition were the subsequent changes in the soil's pH, EC, specific surface area and porosity, as well as some specific physicochemical properties of biochar. We concluded that as opposed to the addition of BBC and MBC, the addition of an appropriate amount of ABC and PBC could better promote the microbial communities in alluvial soil. |
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