| 陈顺钰,赵雅曼,李宗勋,李启艳,姜云,侯晓龙,蔡丽平.Pb、Cd和酸胁迫下枫香萌发种子的生理生化变化及其亚细胞结构[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(3):510-520. |
| Pb、Cd和酸胁迫下枫香萌发种子的生理生化变化及其亚细胞结构 |
| Biochemical changes and subcellular structure in germinating seeds of Liquidambar formosana under Pb, Cd, and acid stress |
| 投稿时间：2018-08-11 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2018-1026 |
| 中文关键词: 胁迫 枫香种子 生理指标 FTIR 透射电镜 萌发 |
| 英文关键词: stress Liquidambar formosanaseeds physiological index FTIR TEM germination |
| 基金项目:福建省科技厅重点项目（2017Y0001）；福建省环保科技计划项目"稀土矿废弃地（非采矿区）风险管控技术研究"（2018R012） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 陈顺钰 | 福建农林大学林学院, 福州 350002 | | | 赵雅曼 | 福建农林大学林学院, 福州 350002 | | | 李宗勋 | 福建农林大学林学院, 福州 350002 | | | 李启艳 | 福建农林大学林学院, 福州 350002 | | | 姜云 | 福建农林大学林学院, 福州 350002 | | | 侯晓龙 | 福建农林大学林学院, 福州 350002
海峡两岸红壤区水土保持协同创新中心, 福州 350002
南方红壤区水土保持国家林业局重点实验室, 福州 350002 | xl.hou@fafu.edu.cn | | 蔡丽平 | 福建农林大学林学院, 福州 350002
海峡两岸红壤区水土保持协同创新中心, 福州 350002
南方红壤区水土保持国家林业局重点实验室, 福州 350002 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨重金属及酸胁迫下枫香种子萌发过程中营养物质的动态变化规律，本研究采用纸培法，设置不同浓度的Pb、Cd及酸胁迫试验，考察种子萌发过程中可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、还原糖、淀粉酶活性，并结合傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）图谱变化及透射电镜（TEM）观察了种子胚乳细胞的超微组织结构变化。结果表明：萌发初中期（4、7 d）高浓度的Pb胁迫显著提高了可溶性蛋白含量及β-淀粉酶活性，α-淀粉酶活性则在Pb-500时活性最高（P<0.05）。Cd胁迫对淀粉酶活性影响较大，萌发中后期可溶性蛋白、还原糖和可溶性糖对Cd的响应逐渐加强。FTIR分析表明Pb-250处理刺激膜脂和细胞壁果胶中常见的酯类化合物合成，Pb-500、Cd-25处理利于纤维素、半纤维素、多糖、蛋白质等有机物质的合成，以此来增强对铅镉的抗逆性。酸胁迫降低了可溶性蛋白含量，pH-5.5、pH-4.5提高了可溶性糖、还原糖含量及淀粉酶活性。随酸胁迫的增强特征峰变化值下降，pH-3.5处理组峰值略有提升。大部分Pb2+、Cd2+沉积在胚乳细胞细胞壁及细胞质中，细胞区室化作用显著。枫香可在重金属及酸污染的废弃地正常生长，其种子通过渗透物质相互协调及细胞区室化作用对Pb、Cd和酸胁迫有积极的响应。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the dynamic biochemical changes in the germination process in Liquidambar formosana seeds under heavy metals and acid stress, different Pb (250, 500 and 1000 mg·L-1), Cd (25, 50 and 100 mg·L-1), and acid (pH 3.5, 4.5 and 5.5) stress tests were established with filter paper culture. The soluble protein, soluble sugar, reducing sugar, and α-amylase and β-amylase activities during seed germination were measured, and observation of the ultrastructural changes in seed endosperm cells undertaken using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The high concentration of Pb stress during the early and middle stages of germination (4 and 7 days) significantly increased the soluble protein content and β-amylase activity.The α-amylase activity was maximal at Pb-500 (P<0.05). Cd stress had a great influence on α-amylase activity and the response of soluble proteins, reducing sugars, and soluble sugars to Cd gradually increased during the middle and late stages of germination. FTIR analysis showed that the Pb-250 treatment stimulated the synthesis of ester compounds commonly found in membrane lipids and cell wall pectin. Pb-500 and Cd-25 treatments facilitated the synthesis of organic compounds such as cellulose, hemicellulose, protein, and polysaccharides during the germination of L. formosana seeds, thereby enhancing resistance to Pb and Cd stress. In contrast, acid stress reduced the soluble protein content, and pH-5.5 and pH-4.5 treatments promoted the synthesis of soluble sugar, reducing sugar, and β-amylase activity during the germination of L. formosana seeds. With the enhancement of acid stress, the change in the characteristic peak value generally showed a downward trend, and the peak value of the pH-3.5 treatment group was slightly increased.The majority of Pb2+ and Cd2+ were deposited in the cell wall and cytoplasm, and the cell compartment was significant. Thus, L. formosana can germinate and grow in heavy metal and acid contaminated wasteland via the combined action of permeating substances and cellular compartmentalization. |
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