| 钱娜,王小兵,汪晓丽,封克,陈盾,苏金成,崔梦涵.花生化感物质降解菌的筛选、鉴定与降解特性研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(6):1288-1295. |
| 花生化感物质降解菌的筛选、鉴定与降解特性研究 |
| Isolation, identification, and degrading properties of allelochemicals-degrading bacteria of peanuts |
| 投稿时间：2018-10-30 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2018-1358 |
| 中文关键词: 降解菌 化感物质 降解特性 花生 |
| 英文关键词: degrading bacteria allelochemicals degrading property peanuts |
| 基金项目:江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目（CX（17）3043）；土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室开放课题（Y20160017）；扬州大学科技创新培育项目（2017CXJ053） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为筛选高效化感物质降解菌，以花生根系分泌物中的化感物质苯甲酸作为唯一碳源，采用富集培养和稀释平板法从连作花生长期定位试验地的健康花生植株根际土壤中筛选高效花生化感物质降解菌，经形态观察、生理生化分析和16S rDNA序列同源性比较以及系统发育分析对降解菌进行鉴定，并通过单因素试验对降解菌进行降解特性研究。结果表明：筛选到的2株高效降解菌分别为木糖氧化无色杆菌（Achromobacter xylosoxidans HJ-2）和硝基还原假单胞菌（Pseudomonas nitroreducens HJ-3）。降解菌HJ-2降解的适宜pH为6.0~9.0，适宜温度为30~45℃，适宜NaCl浓度为0~6%；降解菌HJ-3降解的适宜pH为6.0~8.0，适宜温度为30~35℃，适宜NaCl浓度为0~4%。两株降解菌都能够降解苯乙酮、硬脂酸、棕榈酸、乳酸、3，5-二甲基苯甲醛和丙三醇等化感物质。研究表明，降解菌HJ-2和HJ-3对苯甲酸有显著降解效果，两个菌株均具有广谱降解化感物质的特性，且降解菌HJ-2对不良环境适应能力较强。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Allelopathy is one of the most important factors inducing peanut replant disease. Thus, screening out highly efficient degrading bacteria is an essential means to inhibit peanut allelopathy. Benzoic acid has been considered one of the main allelochemicals in peanut root-exudates. Using benzoic acid as the sole carbon source, degrading bacteria were screened from the rhizosphere soil of healthy peanut plants, in a long-term experiment of peanut monoculture, through enrichment culture and dilution-plate methods. The degrading bacteria were identified by morphological characteristics and 16S rDNA homology comparison. The degrading properties of bacteria were analyzed by single factor tests. Two allelochemical-degrading bacteria were isolated and named strain HJ-2 and strain HJ-3, which belonged to Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Pseudomonas nitroreducens respectively. The appropriate degrading conditions for HJ-2 were pH 6.0~9.0, 30~45℃, and 0~6% NaCl. For strain HJ-3, the appropriate degrading conditions were pH 6.0~8.0, 30~35℃, and 0~4% NaCl. Besides the high efficiency of benzoic acid degradation, both strains degraded some other allelochemicals, including acetophenone, stearic acid, palmitic acid, lactic acid, 3,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde, and glycerol. The HJ-2 and HJ-3 strains both had broad-spectrum degradation characteristics. However, due to its stronger environment adaption, the HJ-2 strain provided theoretical significance for the governance of peanut replant disease in the future. |
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