| 刘红梅,张海芳,秦洁,王慧,张艳军,杨殿林.模拟氮沉降对贝加尔针茅草原土壤氮转化微生物的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(10):2386-2394. |
| 模拟氮沉降对贝加尔针茅草原土壤氮转化微生物的影响 |
| Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on soil nitrogen-transforming microorganisms in Stipa baicalensis steppe |
| 投稿时间：2019-03-05 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2019-0231 |
| 中文关键词: 氮添加 固氮微生物 氨氧化细菌 氨氧化古菌 反硝化细菌 |
| 英文关键词: nitrogen addition nitrogen-fixation organism ammonia-oxidizing bacteria ammonia-oxidizing archaea denitrifier |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41877343） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 刘红梅 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 张海芳 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 秦洁 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 王慧 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 张艳军 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 杨殿林 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | yangdianlin@caas.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 草地土壤是温室气体重要的源和汇，认识草地生态系统氮转化过程有助于预测氮循环对未来氮沉降增加的响应与反馈机制。依托于2010年在内蒙古贝加尔针茅草原设置的长期模拟氮沉降增加的氮添加试验，共设置了8个氮添加水平（0、15、30、50、100、150、200、300 kg N·hm-2·a-1）。应用荧光定量PCR方法，研究氮转化功能基因丰度对不同氮添加水平的响应。2015年8月取样分析结果表明：固氮微生物（nifH）基因丰度随着氮添加水平的升高，表现为先升高后降低的趋势。低于200 kg N·hm-2·a-1硝酸铵处理有利于固氮菌生长。低氮添加（N15、N30和N50）对氨氧化细菌（AOB-amoA）和氨氧化古菌（AOA-amoA）基因丰度无显著影响。高氮添加（N100、N150、N200和N300）显著提高了AOB基因丰度，降低了AOA基因丰度。高氮添加（N150、N200和N300）显著降低了nirK基因丰度。随着氮添加量的增加，高氮添加促进了AOB主导的氨氧化过程，而反硝化微生物丰度的减少提高了氨氧化产物硝酸盐的积累，继而提高了土壤硝酸盐含量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Grasslands serve as the main sources and sinks of greenhouse gases. Understanding nitrogen(N)transformations in grassland ecosystems would contribute substantially to assessments of their response and feedback to changes in N deposition. To determine the responses of N-transforming microorganism in grassland soil to N deposition, a simulated change in N deposition via N addition(0, 15, 30, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 300 kg N·hm-2·a-1)was set up on Stipa baicalensis steppe in Inner Mongolia in 2010. The abundance of N functional genes was determined using real-time PCR. Results based on samples collected in August 2015 showed that concomitant with an increase in the amount of added N, the abundance of the nifH gene of nitrogen-fixing organisms showed an initial increase and subsequent decrease. Moreover, the addition of ammonium nitrate N(0~200 kg N·hm-2·a-1)promoted an increase in the abundance of the nifH gene. Low-N addition did not have a significant effect on the abundance of the AOB-amoA and AOA-amoA genes of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, whereas high-N addition(N100, N150, N200, and N300)significantly increased the abundance of the AOB-amoA gene and decreased the abundance of the AOA-amoA gene of ammonia-oxidizing archaea. Similarly, high-N addition(N150, N200, and N300)reduced the abundance of the nirK gene of denitrifying bacteria. Furthermore, in response to an increase in N addition, mowing promoted AOB-driven ammonia oxidation, whereas a lower abundance of denitrifiers mitigated the accumulation of nitrate originating from ammonia oxidation, resulting in a high content of soil nitrate. |
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