| 胡红伟,刘盼,吴俊峰,梁峰,徐晓琴,郭一飞,刘彪.五种挺水植物腐解过程及其对湿地水质的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(10):2395-2402. |
| 五种挺水植物腐解过程及其对湿地水质的影响 |
| Decomposition of five emergent plants and their influence on water quality of wetlands |
| 投稿时间：2019-03-13 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2019-0270 |
| 中文关键词: 挺水植物 腐解 湿地 营养盐 水质 |
| 英文关键词: emergent plant decomposition wetland nutrient water quality |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51509083）；河南省科技攻关计划项目（162102310389，172102310356，192102310501）；河南城建学院青年骨干教师专项资金 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 胡红伟 | 河南城建学院市政与环境工程学院, 河南 平顶山 467036
河南省水体污染防治与修复重点实验室, 河南 平顶山 467036 | | | 刘盼 | 河南城建学院市政与环境工程学院, 河南 平顶山 467036 | | | 吴俊峰 | 河南省水体污染防治与修复重点实验室, 河南 平顶山 467036 | | | 梁峰 | 河南省水体污染防治与修复重点实验室, 河南 平顶山 467036 | | | 徐晓琴 | 河南城建学院市政与环境工程学院, 河南 平顶山 467036 | | | 郭一飞 | 河南城建学院市政与环境工程学院, 河南 平顶山 467036
河南省水体污染防治与修复重点实验室, 河南 平顶山 467036 | | | 刘彪 | 河南城建学院市政与环境工程学院, 河南 平顶山 467036
河南省水体污染防治与修复重点实验室, 河南 平顶山 467036 | liubiao@hncj.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究5种挺水植物腐解对湿地水质的影响，通过为期60 d室内模拟试验，选取5种挺水植物海寿花、白菖蒲、美人蕉、再力花和风车草，研究其腐解过程及对水质的影响。结果表明： 5种挺水植物腐解速率趋势相似，初期（0~6 d）快速分解，随后缓慢分解，试验结束时，5种植物质量损失率大小依次为菖蒲（69.40%） > 美人蕉（68.42%） > 海寿花（46.72%） > 风车草（34.33%） > 再力花（33.73%）。在整个试验周期内，植物残体TN窄幅波动，植物残体TP在试验初期（0~6 d）快速下降，随后窄幅波动。不同种类植物腐解过程对水质的影响存在差异，但均在试验初期引起水质较大变化。水体pH和DO在试验初期快速下降，随后缓慢上升，试验结束时均低于初始值，其中水体pH与植物腐解速率呈显著负相关（P<0.01）。不同处理组水体TP和无机氮（NH4+-N、NO3--N和NO2--N）含量变化也存在一定差异，水体TP与pH负相关，但仅有菖蒲组和风车草组具有显著性（P<0.01）。研究表明：挺水植物腐解对湿地水质的影响具有时效性，应在植物衰亡初期进行有计划地收割，避免引起水质剧烈波动。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A 60-day indoor simulation experiment was conducted to study the decomposition process of five emergent plant species, Pontederia cordata, Acorus calamus, Canna indica, Thalia dealbata, and Cyperus alternifolius, and their influence on the water quality of wetlands. The decomposition rates of these species showed similar trends, and were rapid during the first six days but much slower from day 6 to day 60 in terms of biomass loss. At the end of the experiment, the weight loss of the five emergent plant species was in the order of Acorus calamus (69.40%) > Canna indica (68.42%) > Pontederia cordata (46.72%) > Cyperus alternifolius (34.33%) > Thalia dealbata (33.73%). During the decomposition process, the dynamics of TN concentration in plants changed within a small range, and the dynamics of TP concentration in plants decreased rapidly in the early stage of the experiment(0~6 d), and changed slightly from day 12 to the end of the experiment. The effect of the decomposition process of these five emergent plant species on water quality differed, but they all lead to considerable changes in water quality at the beginning of the experiment. The pH and DO of the water body decreased rapidly during the initial stage of the experiment and increased slowly thereafter. At the end of the experiment, the pH and DO values were less than the initial values, and pH was significantly negatively correlated with the plant decomposition rate(P<0.01). The changes in TP and inorganic nitrogen(NH4+-N, NO3--N, and NO2--N)in water were also different within the 60 days. The TP was negatively correlated with pH; however, a significant difference was found only in the Acorus calamus group and the Cyperus alternifolius group(P<0.01). The results showed that the decomposition of emergent plants has a time-dependent effect on wetland water quality. To avoid drastic changes in water quality, emergent plants should be harvested in the early stage of plant decline. |
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