| 张敏,陈海,史琴琴,张行,刘迪,赵岩.黄土丘陵沟壑区耕层土壤重金属空间分异及影响因素[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(11):2465-2475. |
| 黄土丘陵沟壑区耕层土壤重金属空间分异及影响因素 |
| Spatial heterogeneity of heavy metals and influencing factors in the surface cultivated soil of the loess hillygully region, China |
| 投稿时间：2019-06-16 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2019-0675 |
| 中文关键词: 土壤重金属 空间分布 地理探测器 黄土丘陵沟壑区 |
| 英文关键词: soil heavy metals spatial distribution geographic detector loess hilly-gully region |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41671086） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1793 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解黄土丘陵沟壑区耕层土壤重金属的空间分异及影响因素，以陕西省米脂县高渠乡为研究区，基于地统计学方法，分析耕地土壤表层Pb、As、Cu、Cr、Ni、Zn六种重金属元素的空间分异，并结合地理探测器与统计分析，进一步讨论重金属空间分布的影响因素。结果表明：As、Cu、Cr、Ni含量超过黄绵土背景值的样本率分别为23%、100%、100%和100%，As和Cu元素为中等变异，Pb、Cr、Ni、Zn为弱变异。Ni元素的块金系数最大（0.59），Pb元素的块金系数最小（0.12），Pb和Zn元素有较强的空间相关性，主要以结构性变异为主，As、Cu、Cr、Ni有中等程度的空间相关性，受结构性因素影响，同时也受随机因素影响较大；从空间分布格局上看，六种重金属均存在空间集聚现象，局部有高值区和低值区出现。重金属的空间分布受到地形和种植方式的共同影响，地形对各重金属分布的影响大于种植方式，且坡向与种植类型的交互作用对各重金属空间分布影响最大。研究表明，高渠乡土壤耕层Ni含量普遍偏高，可能对土壤环境和农产品生产的安全构成潜在威胁，且不同重金属由于受到复杂地形和种植方式的交互影响，空间差异明显。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The spatial differentiation and influencing factors of heavy metals in the soil layer of the loess hilly and gully region of China were evaluated in Gaoqu Township, Mizhi County, Shaanxi Province. Using a geostatistical method, the spatial differentiation of the heavy metals Pb, As, Cu, Cr, Ni, and Zn were analyzed on the surface layer of cultivated soil. Geo-detector and statistical methods were combined to analyze the factors influencing the spatial heterogeneity of heavy metals. The content of As, Cu, Ni, and Cr was 23%, 100%, 100%, and 100% higher than the background value of the loess soil, respectively. The variability of As and Cu contents was moderate, and that of Pb, Cr, Ni, and Zn was weak. The nugget coefficient of Ni was the largest(0.59) and that of Pb was the smallest(0.12). Pb and Zn levels showed a strong spatial correlation, mainly based on structural variation. As, Cu, Cr, and Ni showed moderate spatial correlations, which were affected by structural factors and were also greatly affected by random factors. From the perspective of spatial distribution patterns, spatial agglomeration was observed with local high-value areas and low-value areas. The spatial differentiation of heavy metals was affected by the combination of topography and planting methods. The influence of topography on the distribution of heavy metals was greater than that of planting. The interaction between slope direction and planting type had the greatest influence on the distribution of heavy metals. Previous studies hade demonstrated that the content of Ni in the soil layer of Gaoqu Township was generally high, which may pose a potential threat to the soil environment and the safety of agricultural production. Moreover, different heavy metals were affected by the interaction of complex terrain and planting methods, and the spatial difference was evident. These findings provide a scientific basis for the spatial differentiation of heavy metals in cultivated soils, and for evaluation of soil environmental quality and ecological environment management. |
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