| 王琦,温婧玉,赵玉杰,杨烨,朱家超,穆莉,刘潇威,康为露.腐植酸调节砷酸盐生菜毒性作用研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(6):1196-1206. |
| 腐植酸调节砷酸盐生菜毒性作用研究 |
| The effect of humic acid on arsenate toxicity of lettuce |
| 投稿时间：2019-11-26 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2019-1304 |
| 中文关键词: 砷酸盐 腐植酸 生菜 生长表现 安全品质 |
| 英文关键词: arsenate humic acid lettuce growth performance safety quality |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（21876092）；中央科研院所基本科研业务费项目（2019-SZJJ-ML） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王琦 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部农产品质量安全环境因子控制重点实验室, 天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 温婧玉 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部农产品质量安全环境因子控制重点实验室, 天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 赵玉杰 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部农产品质量安全环境因子控制重点实验室, 天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 杨烨 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部农产品质量安全环境因子控制重点实验室, 天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 朱家超 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部农产品质量安全环境因子控制重点实验室, 天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 穆莉 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部农产品质量安全环境因子控制重点实验室, 天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | muli@caas.cn | | 刘潇威 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部农产品质量安全环境因子控制重点实验室, 天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | xwliu2006@163.com | | 康为露 | 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 环境污染过程与基准教育部重点实验室, 天津市城市生态环境修复与污染防治重点实验室, 天津 300071 | |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1929 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究不同砷酸盐处理条件下生菜中砷的累积规律，以及腐植酸对生菜砷酸盐毒性的调控作用。分析了生菜自身代谢对培养液pH的调节作用，以及腐植酸协同砷酸盐作用下培养液中pH的变化，采用高效液相色谱串联电感耦合等离子体质谱法对生菜体内砷酸盐累积变化规律进行动态监测，同时采用叶绿素分析仪、氨基酸分析仪与最小偏二乘分析相结合的方法，探索生菜生长表现以及相关品质指标变化，进一步研究腐植酸添加对上述各指标的调节作用。研究表明：非砷酸盐处理组生菜正常生长会引起培养液pH显著升高，随着砷酸盐添加浓度的逐渐升高溶液中的pH逐渐下降，当砷酸盐添加浓度为10 mg·L-1时，pH下降最为显著，降低至3.87，腐植酸添加对砷酸盐的生菜产酸胁迫具有不同程度的缓解作用。同时，研究发现生菜各组织中无机砷的含量均随着砷酸盐处理浓度的增加而在各生长时期呈现出不同的增加趋势。在CK（不加砷对照处理）及CKHA（不加砷但添加腐植酸处理）组，生菜根、茎、叶中砷的形态主要以五价砷为主，并且随着腐植酸添加浓度增加，无机砷含量在生菜各生长时期均呈现不同程度的下降。然而，在不同砷酸盐处理组，各生菜植株内主要以亚砷酸盐As（Ⅲ）形式存在。当砷酸盐添加浓度为0.5 mg·L-1时，生物量、株高、根长以及叶绿素的相对含量均高于CK组，说明低浓度的砷酸盐可促进生菜生长，高浓度砷酸盐均不同程度地对生菜生长产生抑制作用，适量浓度的腐植酸添加则不同程度地促进了生菜生长，并对高浓度砷酸盐的生菜毒性作用有所缓解。在生菜叶中砷含量未超标的CK、V-0.5（添加0.5 mg·L-1砷酸盐）、V-1（添加1 mg·L-1砷酸盐）处理组中，V-0.5处理组的维生素C和可溶性糖含量最高，硝酸盐含量最低，说明低浓度砷酸盐提高了生菜的品质。而在砷酸盐处理组，当腐植酸添加浓度为5 mg·L-1时，生菜的维生素C、总酚含量最高，硝酸盐含量相较V-10（添加10 mg·L-1砷酸盐）处理组显著降低，具有提高生菜品质的作用。PLS-DA分析及VIP得分表明，应对砷酸盐胁迫的主要差异表达氨基酸类型为谷氨酸（GLU）和精氨酸（ARG），腐植酸添加使得GLU和ARG的表达水平明显上调。砷酸盐能降低生菜生长环境的pH，腐植酸具有降低生菜产酸胁迫的作用，砷酸盐添加浓度低于3.5 mg·L-1时，在各生长时期，生菜叶中砷含量均不超过国家限量标准，腐植酸对生菜叶中无机砷含量的调控具有时效性，腐植酸可上调与抗逆相关的GLU和ARG的表达水平。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the accumulation of arsenic in lettuce under different arsenate treatment conditions and the regulation of humic acid on arsenate toxicity of lettuce, the effect of the metabolism of lettuce on the pH value of culture medium and change of pH value under the synergistic action of humic acid and arsenate were analyzed. The accumulation of arsenate in lettuce was dynamically monitored by highperformance liquid chromatography in addition to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Furthermore, a chlorophyll analyzer, amino acid analyzer, and least partial square analysis were used to explore the growth performance and related quality indicators of lettuce and further study the regulation of humic acid on these indicators. The results showed that the pH value of the medium increased significantly in the non-arsenate treatment group and decreased with the increase of arsenate concentration. When the concentration of arsenate was 10 mg·L-1, the decrease in pH value was the most significant, with a value of 3.87. The addition of humic acid had a different mitigation effect degree on arsenate lettuce acid production. At the same time, the study found that the content of inorganic arsenic in lettuce tissues showed a different increasing trend with the increase of arsenate concentration in different growth stages. In the CK and CKHA groups, the arsenic species in the lettuce roots, stems, and leaves were mainly pentavalent arsenic. With the increase of humic acid concentration, the inorganic arsenic content decreased in the different growth stages of lettuce. However, in different arsenate treatment groups, the main form of arsenite in the lettuce plants was As(Ⅲ). When the concentration of arsenate was 0.5 mg·L-1, the biomass, plant height, root length, and relative content of chlorophyll were higher than the CK group, indicating that low concentrations of arsenate could promote the growth of lettuce. High concentrations of arsenate inhibited the growth of lettuce in varying degrees, while the addition of an appropriate concentration of humic acid promoted the growth of lettuce in varying degrees and alleviated the toxicity of high concentration arsenate in lettuce. In the CK, V-0.5 and V-1 treatment groups, the content of vitamin C and soluble sugar in the V-0.5 treatment group was the highest and the content of nitrate was the lowest, indicating that a low concentration of arsenate improved the quality of lettuce. In the arsenate treatment group, when the concentration of humic acid was 5 mg·L-1, the content of vitamin C and total phenols was the highest and the nitrate content was significantly lower than the V-10 treatment group, which could improve the quality of lettuce. Arsenate could decrease the pH of lettuce growth environment and humic acid could decrease the stress of acid production. When the concentration of arsenate was lower than 3.5 mg·L-1, the content of arsenic in lettuce leaves was not beyond the national limit standard at all growth stages and humic acid had a time-effect on the regulation of inorganic arsenic content in lettuce leaves. Humic acid could up-regulate the expression of glutamate and arginine related to stress resistance. |
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