| 张玉盛,周亮,肖欢,匡瑜,敖和军,田伟,肖峰,向焱赟,张小毅.氮肥对双季稻根表铁膜形成及双季稻镉积累的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(2):260-268. |
| 氮肥对双季稻根表铁膜形成及双季稻镉积累的影响 |
| Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on iron plaque formation on the root surface of double cropping rice and cadmium accumulation in double-season rice |
| 投稿时间：2020-07-27 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-0873 |
| 中文关键词: 双季稻 大田试验 氮肥 镉 铁 根表铁膜 转运系数 |
| 英文关键词: double-season rice field experiment nitrogen fertilizer cadmium iron iron plaque transport coefficient |
| 基金项目:国家水稻产业技术体系栽培与土肥岗位专家项目（CARS-01） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 张玉盛 | 湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙 410128
南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 长沙 410128 | | | 周亮 | 华南农业大学资源环境学院, 广州 510642 | | | 肖欢 | 湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙 410128
南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 长沙 410128 | | | 匡瑜 | 湖南省醴陵市农业农村局社会就业促进股, 湖南 醴陵 412200 | | | 敖和军 | 湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙 410128
南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 长沙 410128 | aohejun@126.com | | 田伟 | 湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙 410128
南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 长沙 410128 | | | 肖峰 | 湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙 410128
南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 长沙 410128 | | | 向焱赟 | 湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙 410128
南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 长沙 410128 | | | 张小毅 | 湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙 410128
南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 长沙 410128 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究淹水条件下氮肥比例对水稻根表铁膜形成量及对镉吸收转运的影响，开展大田试验，选取早稻株两优819（低镉品种）、陆两优996（高镉品种）和晚稻湘晚籼12号（低镉品种）、玉针香（高镉品种）为试验材料，以水稻全生育期施氮量为180 kg·hm-2，设3个氮肥比例，基肥：蘖肥：穗肥：粒肥分别为4：4：2：0（T1）、8：0：2：0（T2）、6：0：2：2（T3）及不施氮处理（CK）。水稻分蘖期和乳熟期，整株采集水稻，测定植株各部位镉含量和根膜铁、镉含量；成熟期测定根、茎叶、糙米镉含量。结果表明，不同稻季低镉品种根膜铁含量为分蘖期>乳熟期，高镉品种根膜铁含量及镉吸附量为乳熟期>分蘖期。株两优819、陆两优996和玉针香乳熟期根膜镉含量以T1、T2处理时较CK有所降低，T3处理时最高，湘晚籼12号以不施氮情况下最高，T2处理下最低。高镉品种陆两优996不同时期根膜铁含量与根膜镉含量显著正相关（P<0.05），高镉品种玉针香分蘖期根膜铁含量与根膜镉含量显著正相关（P<0.05），乳熟期根膜铁含量与叶、穗镉含量显著负相关（P<0.05）。水稻根和茎、叶镉含量随生育期的延长而增加，施氮可降低早稻成熟期各部位镉含量，提高晚稻根和茎、叶镉含量。不同稻季糙米镉含量在氮处理下显著降低，施氮量一致情况下，改变氮肥比例对低镉品种株两优819和湘晚籼12号糙米镉含量无明显影响，高镉品种陆两优996和玉针香糙米镉含量以T3处理降低最明显，较CK分别降低52.72%和74.13%。由此可知，淹水条件下，可依据水稻品种，结合水稻镉积累关键生育期，制定合理的氮肥比例以降低糙米镉含量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Field experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer ratio on the formation of iron membrane on the surface of rice roots and Cd uptake and transport in rice under flooding conditions. The early rice Zhuliangyou 819(low Cd variety)and Luliangyou 996(high Cd variety), and late rice Xiangwanxian 12 hao(low Cd variety)and Yuzhenxiang(high Cd variety)were selected as experimental materials, and either nitrogen fertilizer, which included three nitrogen fertilizer ratios:4:4:2:0 (T1), 8:0:2:0 (T2), 6:0:2:2 (T3), or no nitrogen treatment(CK), were applied at the rate of 180 kg·hm-2 during the whole growth period of rice. At the tillering stage and milk stage of rice, whole plant was collected and the contents of Cd in all parts, Fe and Cd in the root membrane, and Cd in roots and shoots of brown rice were determined at maturity. Results showed that the Fe contents on root plaque of low Cd varieties during different rice seasons were higher at tillering stage than at milk stage, and the Fe and Cd contents on root plaque of high Cd varieties were higher at milk stage than at tillering stage. The Cd contents on root plaque of the two early rice varieties(Zhuliangyou 819 and Luliangyou 996)and one late rice variety(Yuzhenxiang)were reduced by T1 and T2 treatment; however, they were the highest at T3 treatment. The Cd contents in the root plaque of Xiangwanxian 12 hao was the highest and lowest under the condition of CK and T2 treatment, respectively. The Fe content in the root plaque of the high-Cd variety Luliangyou 996 was significantly positively correlated with the Cd contents in root plaque at different periods(P<0.05), and the Fe content in the root plaque of the high-Cd variety Yuzhenxiang was significantly positively correlated with the Cd content in root plaque at tillering stage(P<0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between the Fe contents in root plaque and the Cd contents of leaves and panicle during milk maturity(P<0.05). The Cd content in roots, shoots, and leaves of rice increased with the extension of growth period. Nitrogen application could reduce the Cd content in different parts of early rice and increase the Cd content in roots, shoots, and leaves of late rice, at maturity stage. Under the same nitrogen application rate, the Cd content in brown rice at different rice seasons was significantly reduced. Under the same nitrogen application rate, changes in nitrogen fertilizer ratios had no significant effect on the Cd content in brown rice of low-Cd varieties(Zhuliangyou 819 and Xiangwanxian 12 hao). The Cd content in the high-Cd varieties Luliangyou 996 and Yuzhenxiang brown rice decreased significantly at a ratio of 6:0:2:2 by 52.72% and 74.13%, respectively, compared with that in CK. It can be concluded that under flooding conditions, according to rice varieties, combined with the key growth and development of Cd accumulation in rice, a reasonable proportion of nitrogen fertilizer can reduce the Cd contents in brown rice. |
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