| 杨思德,常兴平,潘政,李明堂,翁莉萍,李永涛,赵丽霞.蚯蚓对金霉素污染土壤酶活性和微生物群落的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(6):1268-1280. |
| 蚯蚓对金霉素污染土壤酶活性和微生物群落的影响 |
| Effects of earthworms on soil enzyme activities and microbial communities of chlortetracycline-contaminated soils |
| 投稿时间：2020-12-22 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-1470 |
| 中文关键词: 蚯蚓 金霉素 细菌群落 土壤 酶活性 |
| 英文关键词: earthworm chlortetracycline bacteria soil enzyme activity |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0800201）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（农业农村部环境保护科研监测所） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 杨思德 | 吉林农业大学资源与环境学院, 长春 130118
农业农村部环境保护科研监测所农田有机污染生物消减创新团队, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 常兴平 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所农田有机污染生物消减创新团队, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 潘政 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所农田有机污染生物消减创新团队, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 李明堂 | 吉林农业大学资源与环境学院, 长春 130118 | | | 翁莉萍 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所农田有机污染生物消减创新团队, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 李永涛 | 华南农业大学资源环境学院, 广州 510642 | | | 赵丽霞 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所农田有机污染生物消减创新团队, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | zhaolixia@caas.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究蚯蚓对抗生素污染土壤酶活性和微生物群落的影响，选取金霉素为目标污染物，威廉环毛蚓（内层种）和赤子爱胜蚓（表层种）为实验生物，通过高效液相色谱-串联质谱法、土壤酶试剂盒（微板法）、高通量测序技术和冗余分析对土壤中金霉素残留、酶活性和微生物群落进行了测定与分析。结果表明：经过28 d的培养，蚯蚓处理组中金霉素浓度（0.022 4~1.006 0 mg·kg-1）显著低于对照组土壤（0.033 5~1.585 0 mg·kg-1）。金霉素抑制了土壤脱氢酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性，激活了过氧化氢酶的活性。两种蚯蚓均激活了土壤脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶和脲酶的活性，最大激活率分别为77.80%~88.50%、4.00%~6.16%、69.20%~72.60%、43.20%~48.80%；碱性磷酸酶的活性受到抑制，最大抑制率为23.8%~25.0%。高通量测序结果表明两种生态型蚯蚓均可改变土壤中细菌群落结构，不同蚯蚓类型对细菌群落结构的影响存在有差异。两种蚯蚓的加入均未改变土壤中优势菌门的组成，但都改变了其丰度占比。在属水平上，Flavobacterium、Aeromonas、Luteolibacter、Adhaeribacter和Pseudomonas等潜在金霉素降解菌被两种蚯蚓刺激丰度显著增加，加速了土壤中金霉素的降解。冗余分析结果表明，土壤中pH、有机质含量、金霉素浓度和细菌群落结构是影响土壤酶活性变化的重要因子。研究表明，威廉环毛蚓对脱氢酶、蔗糖酶和脲酶的促进作用优于赤子爱胜蚓。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the effects of earthworms on the soil enzyme activities and microbial communities of antibiotic-contaminated soils, chlortetracycline was selected as the target contaminant and Metaphire guillelmi and Eisenia fetida were chosen as the experimental organisms. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, a soil enzyme kit（microplate method）, high throughput sequencing, and redundancy analysis were used to determine and analyze the residual chlortetracycline, soil enzyme activity, and bacterial community. The results showed that the concentrations of chlortetracycline in the earthworm treatments（0.022 4~1.006 0 mg·kg-1）were significantly lower than those in the treatments without earthworms（0.033 5~1.585 0 mg·kg-1）at the end of cultivation（28 d）. Chlortetracycline inhibited the activities of dehydrogenase, invertase, urease, and alkaline phosphatase and increased the activity of catalase. The activities of dehydrogenase, catalase, invertase, and urease in the soil were activated by both earthworms with maximum activation rates of 77.80%~ 88.50%, 4.00%~6.16%, 69.20%~72.60%, and 43.20%~48.80%, respectively. The activity of alkaline phosphatase was inhibited with a maximum inhibition rate of 23.8%~25.0%. The high-throughput sequencing results showed that the structure of the bacterial community in the soil was altered by both earthworms at the end of cultivation, and different earthworm types had different effects on the bacterial community structure. At the phylum level, the earthworms did not change the composition of the dominant bacteria in the soil, but did modify their abundance ratios. At the genus level, a few species, such as Flavobacterium, Aeromonas, Luteolibacter, Adhaeribacter, and Pseudomonas, were significantly promoted by both earthworms, thereby accelerating the degradation of chlortetracycline in soils. Redundancy analysis showed that the soil pH, organic matter content, chlortetracycline concentration, and bacterial community structure were important factors affecting the soil enzyme activities. Specifically, endogeic Metaphire guillelmi stimulated dehydrogenase, invertase and urease activities than epigeic Eisenia fetida. |
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