| 鲍婷,王梦杰,吴俊男,刘耀斌,李凤博,冯金飞,方福平.作物-鱼共作对淡水养殖系统N2O排放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(6):1344-1353. |
| 作物-鱼共作对淡水养殖系统N2O排放的影响 |
| Impacts of different crop-fish co-culture systems on N2O emission from freshwater aquaculture systems |
| 投稿时间：2020-11-26 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-1367 |
| 中文关键词: 作物-鱼共作系统 N2O排放特征 功能基因 氮污染 |
| 英文关键词: crop-fish co-culture systems N2O emission characteristics functional genes nitrogen pollution |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41877548，41907410） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以作物[粳稻（Oryza sativa L.subsp.japonica Kato）、籼稻（Oryza sativa L.subsp.sativa）、小白菜（Brassica rapa L.ssp.pekinensis）和空心菜（Ipomoea aquatic Forsk）]-黄颡鱼（Pelteobagrus fulvidraco）共作为例，探索不同类型作物与鱼共作对养殖水体N2O产生和排放的影响。利用静态箱和顶空平衡-气相色谱法，测量水稻/蔬菜-黄颡鱼共作系统N2O排放通量和上覆水与土壤孔隙水N2O浓度。不同作物-鱼共作对养殖水体N2O排放均有显著消减作用。与单养鱼处理相比，籼稻-鱼共作、粳稻-鱼共作、空心菜-鱼共作和小白菜-鱼共作处理N2O排放量分别减少82.1%、69.2%、67.9%和60.3%。稻-鱼共作可以同时减少上覆水和土壤孔隙水中N2O浓度，但菜-鱼共作仅减少上覆水中N2O浓度。稻-鱼共作显著降低养殖水体TN、NH4+-N、NO3--N和底泥NH4+-N、DON浓度，菜-鱼共作仅显著降低养殖水体NO3--N浓度。作物-鱼共作处理显著增加养殖前期底泥中nirK和nosZ基因丰度，对nirS基因丰度没有显著影响。作物-鱼共作处理对鱼产量没有显著影响，但是获得额外的作物产品，显著提高了系统氮素养分利用率。与单养鱼相比，水稻和蔬菜与鱼共作均能显著减少N2O排放，提高养殖系统氮素利用率。籼稻-鱼共作的减排效应要优于其他3种共作处理。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A pot experiment was conducted to elucidate the impacts of crop（Oryza sativa L. subsp. japonica Kato, Oryza sativa L. subsp. sativa, Brassica rapa L. ssp.pekinensis or Ipomoea aquatic Forsk）and yellow catfish（Pelteobagrus fulvidraco）co-culture on the production and emission of N2O from a freshwater aquaculture system. Net N2O flux and concentration in the overlying and soil pore water of different treatments were measured using static chamber and headspace equilibrium-gas chromatography methods. Co-culture of crop and fish significantly reduced N2O emission from the aquaculture system. The total amount of N2O emissions from the indica rice-fish co-culture, japonica rice-fish co-culture, water spinach-fish co-culture, and little cabbage-fish co-culture systems were reduced by 82.1%, 69.2%, 67.9%, and 60.3%, respectively, compared with the fish monoculture system. Rice-fish co-cultures reduced N2O concentration both in the overlying and soil pore water, while the vegetable-fish co-culture only reduced N2O concentration in the overlying water. The rice-fish cocultures significantly reduced the concentrations of total nitrogen（TN）, NH4+-N, and NO3--N in the aquaculture water and concentrations of NH4+-N and DON in soil. The vegetables-fish co-culture significantly reduced the concentration of NO3--N in aquaculture water. Crop-fish co-cultures significantly increased the abundance of nirK and nosZ genes in the soil at the early co-culture stage but did not significantly affect the abundance of nirS genes at the full co-culture stage when compared with the fish monoculture. The crop-fish co-culture had no significant effect on fish yield but significantly improved the system's nitrogen nutrient utilization, reducing N2O emissions from the aquaculture system. The mitigation effect of the indica rice-fish co-culture system was better than the other three co-culture systems. |
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