九龙江河口养虾塘氧化亚氮排放通量及影响因素

金宝石; 谢建国; 闫鸿远; 杨平; 曾从盛

文章摘要

金宝石,谢建国,闫鸿远,杨平,曾从盛.九龙江河口养虾塘氧化亚氮排放通量及影响因素[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(9):2031-2038.

九龙江河口养虾塘氧化亚氮排放通量及影响因素

Nitrous oxide fluxes and its influencing factors in the shrimp ponds of the Jiulong River estuary

投稿时间：2021-03-03

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-0248

中文关键词: 氧化亚氮水-气界面滨海养殖九龙江河口

英文关键词: nitrous oxide water-air interface coastal aquaculture Jiulong River estuary

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41801031）；安徽省高校自然科学基金项目（KJ2018A0373）；安庆师范大学博士、教授科研项目（192004）

作者	单位	E-mail
金宝石	安庆师范大学资源环境学院, 安徽安庆 246011 福建师范大学地理科学学院, 福州 350007	jinbsh@aqnu.edu.cn
谢建国	安庆师范大学资源环境学院, 安徽安庆 246011
闫鸿远	安庆师范大学资源环境学院, 安徽安庆 246011
杨平	福建师范大学地理科学学院, 福州 350007
曾从盛	福建师范大学地理科学学院, 福州 350007

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中文摘要:

水产养殖生态系统由于其高氮负荷而成为氧化亚氮（N₂O）的潜在释放源，为探究其排放特征，选择福建省九龙江河口养虾塘为研究对象，采用悬浮箱-气相色谱仪法测定其水-气界面N₂O排放通量变化，并结合气象要素和水环境因子分析其主要影响因素。结果表明：九龙江河口养殖塘水-气界面N₂O排放通量的变化范围和均值分别为0.10~0.64 μmol·m^-2·h^-1和（0.26±0.07）μmol·m^-2·h^-1，均表现为向大气释放N₂O的源。N₂O排放通量随养殖期推迟呈现持续增加，且在白天不同时刻存在显著变化。相关分析表明，N₂O排放通量与养殖水体的温度、溶解性有机碳、NO₂^--N和NO₃^--N浓度呈显著正相关，与盐度呈显著负相关。多元回归分析表明，水体盐度和NO₂^--N浓度是影响养虾塘N₂O排放的主要因素。

英文摘要:

Aquaculture ponds are rich in nutrients due to a large amount of organic food, and hence are a potential source of nitrous oxide (N₂O). The total area and increasing rate of coastal aquaculture in China are the highest in the world, and the emission of N₂O from the aquaculture ecosystem has attracted increasing attention. To investigate the characteristics and impact of N₂O emissions from a coastal aquaculture ecosystem, the diurnal variations of N₂O fluxes at the water-air interface of shrimp ponds in the Jiulong River estuary of Fujian Province were measured using the floating chamber-gas chromatography, on June 18, August 18, and October 10, 2015. The meteorological parameters and water environment factors and their impacts on the N₂O emission fluxes were also recorded and analyzed. The results showed that the range and mean value of N₂O fluxes at the water-air interface from the shrimp pond were 0.10~0.64 μmol·m^-2·h^-1 and (0.26±0.07) μmol·m^-2·h^-1, respectively. The shrimp pond acted as a source for atmospheric N₂O and the emission fluxes increased with the aquaculture period and had diurnal variation. Correlation analysis showed that the N₂O fluxes at the water-air interface were significantly negatively correlated with salinity and positively correlated with the water temperature, soluble organic carbon, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, and nitrate nitrogen content. Multivariate regression analysis showed that water salinity and nitrate nitrogen contents had significant effects on N₂O emission fluxes of shrimp ponds.

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